The Expression And Clinical Significance Of IL-41 In Serum Of Patients With Dermatomyositis/Polymyositis

Objective: Dermatomyositis(DM)and polymyositis(PM)are a group of skeletal muscle non purulent inflammatory diseases with unknown etiology,mainly characterized by proximal limb muscle weakness.This type of inflammation often causes fever,fatigue,weight loss,and even affects the lungs,joints,gastrointestinal tract,and heart.The etiology of DM/PM has not been fully identified,and in recent years,there has been evidence that multiple cytokines,muscle factors,or adipokines,as well as other inflammatory mediators,are involved in the immune pathogenesis pathway of DM/PM.IL-41,as a recently discovered cytokine,is also a fat factor and muscle factor,and has been proven to play a role in various inflammatory and immune diseases.The expression of peripheral blood IL-41 in patients with dermatomyositis(DM)and polymyositis(PM)was detected.To explore its clinical significance with disease activity and organ involvement in dermatomyositis and polymyositis.Methods: From June 2020 to December 2022,87 patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy,including 70 patients with dermatomyositis and 17 patients with polymyositis(PM),and 30 healthy controls matched with the age and sex of the patients,were included in the study.The exclusion criteria are patients with other autoimmune diseases,malignant tumors,or infections.The level of serum IL-41 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the clinical symptoms,laboratory test indicators and other data of the subjects were collected.SPSS26.0 software was used to compare whether the data difference was statistically significant by using one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),LSD-adjusted t-test,Kruscal-Wallis H test,Mann-Whitney U test,and Pearson correlation analysis or Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between variables.The difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results: 1.The serum IL-41 levels in DM patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P=0.004).2.The serum IL-41 levels in PM patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P<0.001).3.The serum IL-41 levels in PM patients were significantly higher than those in DM patients(P=0.001).4.The serum IL-41 levels in newly treated and relapsed DM patients were higher than those in stable DM patients(P=0.030),while the serum IL-41 levels in newly treated and relapsed PM patients were higher than those in stable DM patients(P=0.013).5.The serum IL-41 level in DM/PM patients was positively correlated with CRP and CK(p<0.05).6.The serum IL-41 levels in DM/PM patients with elevated CRP were higher than those in the normal CRP group(P<0.05).7.The serum IL-41 levels in DM/PM patients with elevated CK were higher than those in the CK normal group(P<0.05).8.There was no statistically significant difference in serum IL-41 levels between DM patients with ILD and those without ILD(P>0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in serum IL-41 levels between PM patients with ILD and those without ILD(P>0.05).9.The serum IL-41 levels in anti JO-1 antibody positive PM patients were lower than those in anti JO-1 antibody negative PM patients(P=0.015),and there was no significant difference in serum IL-41 levels between anti JO-1 antibody positive DM patients and anti JO-1 antibody negative DM patients(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the serum IL-41 levels between DM/PM patients with positive anti MDA5 antibodies and those with negative anti MDA5 antibodies(P>0.05).The level of IL-41 in serum of DM/PM patients with positive Antinuclear antibody was not statistically significant compared with that of Antinuclear antibody negative patients(P>0.05),and the level of IL-41 in serum of DM/PM patients with positive anti SSA/Ro52 antibody was not statistically significant compared with that of anti SSA/Ro52 antibody negative patients(P>0.05).Conclusion: The expression of IL-41 in the serum of DM/PM patients is significantly increased,and the level of IL-41 is positively correlated with the level of CRP and CK.IL-41 plays a certain role in the pathogenesis of DM/PM,and may serve as a Indicators for assessing the condition of DM/PM patients.