Study On The Influence Of Health Quotient And Self-efficacy On Self-management Behaviors Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Urban Community

Objectives:1.To understand the current status of health quotient,self-efficacy,and selfmanagement behaviors of T2 DM patients in urban communities.2.To analyze the influencing factors of self-management behaviors of T2 DM patients in urban communities.3.To construct a mediating effect model of health quotient,self-efficacy,and selfmanagement behaviors among T2 DM patients in urban communities,and to explore the interaction mechanism among the three.Methods:Using cross-sectional survey design method,350 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected from 7 urban communities in a district of NJ City by two-stage random sampling from November 2021 to March 2022.Research tools: general information questionnaire,health quotient scale,diabetes self-efficacy scale,type 2 diabetes self-management behaviors scale.SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS 4.1 were used for data analysis.Results:1.The overall score of the health quotient is(6.25±1.42)points,among them,the highest score of life skills is(6.67±1.62)points;Secondly,the score of lifestyle dimension was(6.51±1.58)points;The score of mental state dimension was(6.45±1.76)points;The lowest score of health knowledge dimension was(5.33±1.81)points.2.The overall average score of self-efficacy is(7.35±2.00)points,among the eight items,item 8 "Are you confident that you can control your own diabetes so that it will not affect your life?" scored the highest(7.79±2.50)points,followed by item 7 "When something happens to your body,are you confident that you can judge your physical condition and seek medical attention in a timely manner?"(7.65±2.62)points,while item5 "When you exercise,do you have the confidence to avoid hypoglycemia?" scored the lowest(7.02±2.83)points.3.The overall average score of self-management behaviors is(85.15±19.31)points,among them,the highest average score was(4.16±0.97)points,followed by(3.38±0.98)points for diet control,(3.37±1.06)points for prevention and treatment of high and low blood glucose,and(2.81±1.08)points for blood glucose monitoring.Multiple linear stratified regression analysis showed that self-management behaviors of type 2 diabetes patients were affected by educational level,the latest fasting blood glucose value,acceptance of diabetes health education,family history,health quotient score,and selfefficacy score,which could jointly explain 41.7% of the variance of self-management behaviors.4.Health quotient was positively correlated with self-management behaviors(r=0.578,P<0.001),and self-efficacy(r=0.642,P<0.001);Self-efficacy and self-management behaviors has positive correlation(r=0.528,P<0.001).5.Self-efficacy has a partial intermediary effect between health quotient and selfmanagement behaviors,the effect value is 0.172,which accounts for 29.76%.Conclusions:1.The self-management behaviors of type 2 diabetes patients are at a lower middle level;Self-efficacy is at a middle level;Health quotient is in an ideal state.2.The influencing factors of self-management behaviors of type 2 diabetes patients include education level,the latest fasting blood glucose value,acceptance of diabetes health education,family history,health quotient,self-efficacy,among which health quotient plays a major role in self-management behaviors.3.The mediating effect analysis found that health quotient can not only directly affect self-management behaviors,but also indirectly affect self-management behaviors through self-efficacy.