A Study On The Objectification Of Tongue Diagnosis In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based On Machine Vision Technology For The Evidence Of Yin Deficiency And Internal Heat

Objective:To explore the characteristics of the objective parameters of tongue diagnosis in patients with SLE yin deficiency and internal heat evidence,and to provide objective methodological guidance for the identification of SLE in Chinese medicine.Methods:Using the SLE Chinese Medicine Questionnaire and the Smart TCM-A1 Chinese Medicine Intelligent Four Diagnostic Test System to collect four diagnostic information from patients with SLE Yin Deficiency Internal Heat Evidence and healthy individuals,137 cases of patients with SLE Yin Deficiency Internal Heat Evidence and 175 healthy individuals were collected to initially establish a database of four diagnostic and clinical information.The database contains: information on the four diagnoses of TCM,general information of the samples,laboratory tests and objective parameters of tongue diagnosis.The intelligent TCM four-diagnosis testing system was used to obtain the tongue diagnosis parameters,and then the tongue diagnosis parameters of patients with SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence and healthy individuals were compared and analysed,and the parameters of different tongue colours of SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence were analysed in groups.The analysis was carried out by using the statistical methods of principal component analysis and factor analysis.Result:(1)The distribution of tongue colour in the SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence group was vivid red tongue > light red tongue > light red and purple tongue > red tongue;the distribution of tongue colour in the healthy group was light red tongue > light white tongue > vivid red tongue > red tongue > light red and purple tongue;the distribution of moss colour in the SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence group was yellow moss >light yellow moss > white moss > grey and black moss;the distribution of moss colour in the healthy group was light yellow moss > yellow moss.(2)Comparison between the SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence group and the healthy group: the tongue R value,tongue G value,tongue B value and tongue V value of the yin deficiency internal heat evidence group were lower than those of the healthy group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05),suggesting that the red tongue of the SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence group was more dark red;the difference between the fat and thin index of the SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence patients and the healthy group was not statistically significant(P > 0.05),and the fat and thin index was in the The difference between the fat and thin indices of SLE patients with Yin deficiency internal heat and healthy patients was not statistically significant(P>0.05).(3)Comparison of different tongue colour grouping parameters in SLE yin deficiency internal heat evidence: tongue G value of light red tongue group > light red and purple tongue group > vivid tongue group,tongue G value of light red tongue group and vivid tongue group were statistically significant(P <0.05);tongue R value of vivid tongue group < light red and purple tongue group < light red tongue group,tongue G value of vivid tongue group < light red and purple tongue group < light red tongue group,tongue B value of vivid tongue group < light red and purple tongue group < light red tongue group,all statistically different(P<0.05).There was a statistical difference(P < 0.05);the S-value of tongue coating in the jiangjiang group > light red tongue group > light red and purple tongue group,and the S-value of tongue coating in the jiangjiang and light red and purple tongue groups were statistically different(P < 0.05);the V-value of tongue coating in the jiangjiang group < light red and purple tongue group < light red tongue group,were statistically different(P < 0.05);the thickness index in the jiangjiang group <light red and purple tongue group < light red tongue group,and the thickness index in the jiangjiang and light red and purple tongue groups were statistically different(P < 0.05);the thickness index in the jiangjiang and light red and purple tongue groups were statistically different(P < 0.05).There was a statistical difference in the thickness index between the vivid and violet tongue groups,and the thickness index between the vivid and light red tongue groups(P < 0.05).(4)Principal component analysis revealed that in principal component Y1,the absolute values of the variable coefficients of tongue R value(X1),tongue G value(X2),tongue B value(X3)and tongue V value(X6)were higher than those of other variables;in principal component Y2,the absolute values of the variable coefficients of tongue R value(X7),tongue G value(X8),tongue B value(X9)and tongue V value(X12)were higher than those of other variables;in principal component Y3,the absolute values of the variable coefficients of tongue R value,tongue G value(X8),tongue B value(X9)and tongue V value(X12)were higher than those of other variables.coefficients;the absolute values of the variable coefficients of tongue texture H value(X4),tongue H value(X10)and tongue S value(X11)were higher than their variable coefficients in the Y3 principal component.(5)Factor analysis revealed that the pale white colour of the tongue in SLE with Yin deficiency and internal heat decreased in the pale red and purple tongue group > the pale red tongue group > the vivid red tongue group;the pale white colour of the tongue coating decreased in the pale red tongue group > the pale red and purple tongue group >the vivid red tongue group;the dark red colour of the tongue coating decreased in the vivid red tongue group > the pale red and purple tongue group > the pale red tongue group.Conclusions:(1)In this study,we found that patients with SLE yin-deficiency internal heat symptoms have a predominantly reddish tongue and yellow moss,which is consistent with the pathological mechanism of liver and kidney yin deficiency and heat stasis in remission in SLE.In comparison with healthy patients,patients with SLE yin-deficiency internal heat evidence did not have thin tongues,indicating that patients with SLE yin-deficiency internal heat evidence did not suffer from a significant loss of yin fluid and fluid deficiency in the body.(2)Principal component analysis and factor analysis revealed that tongue R value,tongue G value,tongue B value and tongue V value had a significant effect on the diagnosis of pale red and purple tongue in SLE;tongue R value,tongue G value,tongue B value and tongue V value had a significant effect on the diagnosis of pale red tongue in SLE;tongue H value,tongue H value and tongue S value had a significant effect on the diagnosis of dark red tongue in SLE,suggesting that tongue diagnosis parameters can be used as objective reference indicators for clinical diagnosis of SLE.It is suggested that tongue diagnosis parameters can be used as objective reference indicators for clinical diagnosis of SLE.