Analysis Of The Combined OCT/OCTA Fields In Optic Nerve Related Diseases

AIM: The purpose is to explore the similarities and differences of visual field changes and OCT/OCTA changes among different optic nerve-related diseases,and to analyze the relationship between visual fields and OCT/OCTA among different diseases.METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study,selecting patients from October 2020 to June 2022 in the Eye Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College as the research subjects,a total of 38 cases(47 eyes),patients with optic nerve-related diseases(optic neuritis,non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy,optic nerve atrophy,primary open-angle glaucoma),according to the condition of the patient’s eye at the first visit,1 month after treatment,3 months after treatment,are taken as the research group.A total of 36 cases(36 eyes)from the normal population are collected as the normal control group.This study compared optic disc and macular vessel density(VD),perfusion density(PD),retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness at the optic disc,macular neuroepithelial layer thickness,and visual field mean deviation(MD)separately,and focused on the variation among each index.RESULTS: ANOVA is applied to find statistically significant differences among the groups for optic disc VD,optic disc PD,macular VD and macular PD.In ON,NAION,optic atrophy,and POAG showed decreasing trend in optic disc VD,optic disc PD,macular VD,and macular PD.The optic disc RNFL thickness is the thickest in the ON group,and the morphological changes of glaucomatous optic discs are the most obvious.MD had the best recovery in ON patients and the worst in NAION.The correlations between the VD and PD of the optic disc and the MD index at the initial visit of each disease are statistically significant.The VD,PD,and MD of the optic disc in each disease increased with the grade,and the comparison is statistically significant.The pattern of optic disc VD,PD,and MD damage in each disease is not necessarily consistent.In optic disc VD,PD versus MD,the damage from optic atrophy is the most severe.CONCLUSION: The blood flow density of the optic disc and MD of each disease show a decreasing trend within the 3-month course,and the damage patterns of VD,PD,and MD of the optic disc aren’t necessarily consistent within the 3-month course.OCT / OCTA examinations can quantitatively analyze the blood flow density of the optic disc,blood flow density of the macula,and morphological indexes of the optic disc in patients,which together with visual field examinations can be used for screening examinations of optic nerve related diseases.OCT / OCTA may provide clinicians with the differentiation of different optic nerve related diseases and improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis.