Study On Antidepressant Effect And Mechanism Of GABA And Development Of GABA Hard Sugar

γ-Aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a non-protein amino acid small molecule that is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.On September27,2009,with the approval of the Ministry of Health of China,GABA became one of the new food ingredients in China,playing an important role in the food and medical fields,and has broad market prospects.At present,GABA products on the market mainly exist in the form of soft candy,and their main efficacy is to treat insomnia.This article studies the relieving effect of GABA on depression,using zebrafish as the research object to create a depression model,and use GABA to develop a safe,effective,and side effect free food with relieving depression effect.Relieve or improve the symptoms of depression patients through dietary therapy.This method is safe and reliable compared to antidepressants,with no significant side effects,and can be consumed for a long time.The main research content of this article is as follows:(1)Establish a novel zebrafish depression model.Feed zebrafish in a relatively closed room,maintain 14 hours of light and 10 hours of darkness every day,and maintain an indoor temperature of 28 ± 0.5℃.Feed zebrafish with 7 to 15 dpf(day post fertilization)using paramecium,and zebrafish with more than 15 dpf using perennial worms.This experiment used zebrafish with a concentration of 40-50 dpf and treated with 10 mg/L reserpine for 7 consecutive days,showing depressive symptoms Using 10 μg/L of sertraline solution as a positive control drug and continuously exposed for 6 days for rescue,the depression like symptoms were alleviated.Compared with most scholars using drugs to construct zebrafish depression models,this plan has shorter breeding cycles,smaller land occupation,lower breeding costs,and accelerated experimental progress.(2)Study the effect and mechanism of GABA in alleviating depression.After exposing the zebrafish model of depression to 100 μg/L GABA solution for 6consecutive days,it was found that the behavioral patterns of the zebrafish model exposed to GABA solution were similar to those of the sertraline group.Indicating that GABA has a depressive relieving effect.Through real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,it was found that compared with the control group,the model group showed an increase in inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-6,as well as IL-10 and IFN-γLowering,IFN-γ/ IL-10 decreases.Signal pathways TLR-4 and NF-κB increases,and the gene gabra5 increases.Compared with the model group,the GABA rescue group showed a decrease in inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-6,an increase in IL-10 and IFN-γ,and an increase in IFN-γ/IL-10.The signal pathways TLR-4 and NF-κB decreased,while the gene gabra5 decreased.The q PCR results were similar to those of the positive control drug sertraline group.(3)Development of GABA hard candy.Single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were used to carry out sensory evaluation with the method of fuzzy mathematics.When the total amount of white granulated sugar and glucose syrup was100 g,the optimal formula of GABA hard sugar was determined: the ratio of white granulated sugar and glucose syrup was 3:2,0.4 g citric acid,0.667 g grape seed extract and 0.067 g curcumin were added.(4)Determination of physical and chemical indicators and storage and preservation indicators of GABA hard sugar.According to the optimal formula,GABA hard candy was prepared and its physicochemical indicators were determined according to national standards.The results showed that GABA hard candy contains1.744 g/100 g of water,96.5 g/100 g of carbohydrates,0.381 g/100 g of ash,0.168g/100 g of fat,1.228 g/100 g of protein,and 3.9 mg/100 g of sodium.Using highperformance liquid chromatography,approximately 40 mg of GABA was determined in every 3 g of GABA hard sugar.During storage,the total number of bacterial colonies and coliform bacteria were not detected in GABA hard candy,and their p H value and soluble solid content remained relatively stable.Under storage conditions of 35℃,the color difference value showed a significant decrease at 42 days,while under storage conditions of 25℃,it showed a decreasing trend at 63 days.Under storage conditions of 4℃,the color difference value did not change significantly.This study establishes a novel depression model to shorten the experimental cycle and reduce experimental costs.And experiments were conducted using this model,which showed that GABA has a depressive effect.Using hard sugar as a carrier to produce GABA hard sugar can be applied to depressed populations and expand the market for GABA.