| Objective: By establishing a rat model of cough variant asthma,the effects of acupuncture cupping therapy in Mongolian medicine on the pathological changes of lung tissue,serum IL-4,IL-5,TNF-a and lung matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)expression of rats in each group were observed,and the mechanism of acupuncture cupping therapy in Mongolian medicine on cough variant asthma was discussed.Methods: 48 healthy male SD rats weighing(180±20g)were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group,CVA model group,Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping group,and Western medicine group,with 12 rats in each group.A CVA rat model was established by sensitizing with egg white(OVA)intraperitoneal injection and nebulized OVA inhalation according to the literature method.The experiment started 7 days after normal feeding.Except for the blank control group,all other three groups of rats were intraperitoneally injected with 1ml of 10% OVA solution(100mg egg white,100 mg aluminum hydroxide,and 1ml saline)on the 1st and 8th day,while the blank control group was given saline instead.From the 15 th day,the blank control group was nebulized with saline,while the other three groups were nebulized with 1% OVA solution,once every other day for 20 min,a total of seven times.A CVA rat model was established within 28 days.On the 28 th day,the capsaicin solution was used to induce cough and record the number of coughs in model rats to evaluate airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.Treatment was started on the29 th day.The blank control group and the CVA model group received no treatment and were euthanized on the 38 th day.The Mongolian medicine acupuncture and the cupping group received acupuncture and cupping therapy at the “mother lung acupoint” and “son lung acupoint” on the 29 th day.On the 1st day,bloodletting cupping was performed: After fixing the rat,the mother lung and son lung acupoints were disinfected,and then cupping was performed for 3-5 minutes with a vacuum cupping apparatus.Then,a plum blossom needle was used to puncture the cupping site until the skin turned red or slightly bleeding,and then the cupping was performed for 3-5 minutes to suck out the bad(diseased)blood,and finally,disinfect it.On the 2nd and 3rd days,cupping was performed: After fixing the rat,the mother lung and son lung acupoints were disinfected,and then cupping was performed for 3-5minutes with a vacuum cupping apparatus.This was done once every three days,a total of three times,for nine consecutive days,and euthanized on the 38 th day.The Western medicine group received 0.33mg/kg budesonide suspension for nebulization inhalation once a day for nine consecutive days,starting from the 29 th day,and was euthanized on the 38 th day.On the38 th day of the experiment,a 10% chloral hydrate solution was injected intraperitoneally at a standard of 0.35ml/100 g per rat for anesthesia.After anesthesia,blood was collected from the abdominal aorta and lung tissue was taken.Observe the pathological changes of lung tissue by HE staining;ELISA method for detecting IL-4,IL-5,and TNF-α in serum content of;Western blot method was used to detect the expression level of MMP-9 protein in lung tissue.Results: 1.Observation of pulmonary tissue pathological changesBlank control group: The bronchial and peripheral alveolar structures in rat lung tissue were clear,the bronchial wall was intact,and there was no obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells.The tracheal lumen was unobstructed without secretion,the mucosal epithelium did not show obvious congestion or edema,and the basement membrane and smooth muscle of the airway were not thickened.CVA model group: A large number of inflammatory cells can be seen infiltrating around the bronchial wall of rats,accompanied by infiltration of lymphocytes,eosinophils,and monocytes.The number of mucous glands around the bronchus increased significantly,and mucous plugs composed of mucous and inflammatory cells were formed.There was edema around the wall,with a significant increase in fibrous tissue growth.The alveolar expansion was obvious,and the smooth muscle of the airway was thickened.Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping group: The infiltration of inflammatory cells in bronchial mucosa and alveolar tissues of rats was reduced,and the number of lymphocytes,eosinophils and monocytes was significantly reduced.The mucus secretions in the bronchial lumen were reduced and a small amount of mucus plugs could be seen.Mucosal edema was relieved,and most of the epithelium was restored.The thickness of the alveolar septum was restored well,and the thickening of the smooth muscle of the airway was reduced.Western medicine group: Epithelial cell shedding could still be seen on the bronchial wall,and there was a small amount of mucus in the lumen,with a small number of mucous plugs visible.Edema around the wall of the tube was relieved,accompanied by a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and infiltration of lymphocytes,eosinophils,and monocytes.The thickening of the alveolar septum was partially relieved,a small number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the pulmonary interstitium,and the thickening of the smooth muscle of the airway was significantly reduced.2.Comparison of serum IL-4 concentration: Compared with blank control group,serum IL-4 concentration of rats in CVA model group was significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).Compared with CVA model group,serum IL-4concentration in Mongolian acupuncture cupping group and western medicine group was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).Compared with the Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping group,there was no significant difference in the concentration of IL-4 in the serum of the Western medicine group(p>0.05).3.Comparison of serum IL-5 concentration: Compared with blank control group,serum IL-5 concentration of rats in CVA model group was significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).Compared with CVA model group,serum IL-5concentration in Mongolian acupuncture cupping group and western medicine group was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).Compared with the Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping group,there was no significant difference in the concentration of IL-5 in the serum of the Western medicine group(p>0.05).4.Comparison of serum TNF-α concentration: Compared with blank control group,serum TNF-α concentration in CVA model group was significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Compared with CVA model group,serum concentration of TNF-α in Mongolian acupuncture cupping group and western medicine group was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Compared with Mongolian acupuncture cupping group,there was no significant difference in serum TNF-α concentration in western medicine group(p>0.05).5.Comparison of MMP-9 in lung tissue: Compared with blank control group,the protein expression level of MMP-9 in lung tissue of CVA model group was significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Compared with CVA model group,the expression level of MMP-9 protein in lung tissue of rats in Mongolian acupuncture cupping and western medicine groups was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Compared with Mongolian acupuncture cupping group,there was no significant difference in the expression level of MMP-9 protein in lung tissues of western medicine group(p>0.05).Conclusion: 1.Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping therapy can alleviate inflammatory cell infiltration in the pulmonary tissue of CVA model rats,relieve submucosal edema and airway secretion,and can alleviate chronic airway inflammation in pulmonary tissue pathology to a certain extent,and inhibit airway remodeling.2.Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping therapy can reduce the content of IL-4,IL-5,and TNF-α in the serum of CVA model rats and improve the mechanism of the inflammatory response to exert therapeutic effects.3.Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping therapy can reduce the content of MMP-9 in the pulmonary tissue of CVA model rats,thereby improving airway inflammation and airway remodeling.4.Mongolian medicine acupuncture and cupping therapy can improve cough sensitivity,airway inflammation,hyperreactivity,and airway remodeling in CVA model rats,reduce the number of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils,and the deposition of collagen fibers. |
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