Analysis Of Behavioral And Attention Characteristics And Related Influencing Factors Of Obese Children Aged 6～8 In Some Urban Areas Of Shandong Province

Objective:To analyze the behavioral and attention characteristics of obese children aged 6～8years and related influencing factors in some urban areas of Shandong Province,and to explore the influence of obesity on children’s psychological behavior and potential causes,thus to provide references for formulating targeted intervention strategies.Methods:A stratified random survey was conducted in urban areas of Shandong Province.Three districts were selected according to the per capita GDP in 2021 of each district.Each district randomly selected an urban primary school and selected first-and second-grade school-age children,1149 persons in 3 districts.All children were assessed with physical measurements,including height,weight,BMI,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist to hip ratio,and questionnaire surveys were conducted,including self-made general situation questionnaire,Achenbach child behavior checklist(CBCL),The Children’s Sleep Health Questionnaire(CSHQ),and The Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire(CEBQ),SNAP-IV rating scale.1104 children with complete data were included in the study,including 605 boys(54.8%)and 499 girls(45.2%),with an average age of(7.78±0.57)years.The collected data was analyzed through SPSS 26.0 in a statistical manner,and the qualitative data was expressed in percentage(%)way.Theχ~2tests was adopted to deliver inter group comparison;The non normal distribution of quantitative data was represented by P50(P25-P75),and non parametric rank sum test was used for inter group comparison;The factors of childhood obesity and the factors of attention in obese children were analyzed through binary logistic regression,with P<0.05as the test level.Results:1.The incidence of obesity among children aged 6～8 in urban areas:the total obesity rate is 21.38%(236/1104),22.92%(80/349)in Qingdao,20.78%(107/515)in Jining,and 20.42%(49/240)in Linyi.The difference in obesity rates among children in the three regions was not statistically significant.However,the obesity rate of boys(25.7%)is obviously higher than that of girls(16.0%),and the difference is statistically significant.2.There are statistically significant differences between obese and non obese children in terms of gender,birth weight,birth method,fetal age,feeding method,whether their exposure duration to video screen exceeds 2 hours and daily activity time exceeds 2 hours,family income,mother’s physical evaluation,and father’s physical evaluation.3.The CBCL results showed that there is no significant difference in the proportion of behavioral problems between obese and non obese children(total score>42 for boys and>41 for girls);The CSHQ results indicates that the two groups of children had disparities in irregular sleep duration(Z=-2.500,P=0.012),sleep breathing disorders(Z=-5.839,P=0.00),abnormal sleep(Z=-2.736,P=0.006),night awakening(Z=-3.201,P=0.001),total score of CSHQ(Z=-2.961,P=0.003),and poor sleep quality(χ~2=4.99,P=0.03),and these differences are of statistically significance;The CEBQ results showed that there were statistical differences between the two groups in picky eating(Z=-3.207,P=0.001),food response(Z=-9.879,P=0.000),food preference(Z=-6.295,P=0.000),Emotionality overeating(Z=-2.041,P=0.041),and the total score of CEBQ(Z=-5.282,P=0.000);The SNAP-IV results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the total score of attention deficit(Z=-5.856,P=0.000),average score of attention deficit(Z=-5.961,P=0.000),total score of hyperactive impulses(Z=-3.403,P=0.001),average score of hyperactive impulses(Z=-3.533,P=0.000),total score of opposing defiance(Z=-4.055,P=0.000),average score of opposing defiance(Z=-3.976,P=0.000),and total score of SNAP-IV(Z=-5.324,P=0.000)between the two groups of children.4.According to this survey,the risks leading to childhood obesity are as follow:Boys(OR=1.870,P=0.000),expired delivery(OR=5.770,P=0.003),video screen exposure exceeding 2 hours per day(OR=4.265,P=0.000),activity time less than 2 hours per day(OR=2.146,P=0.001),maternal obesity(OR=2.596,P=0.025),adverse dietary behavior(CEBQ total score≥41.5)(OR=1.490,P=0.015),and upper family income(OR=2.228,P=0.032).5.Sleep anxiety(OR=1.386,P=0.038),sleep apnea(OR=1.624,P=0.031),daytime drowsiness(OR=1.231,P=0.012),and food response(OR=1.132,P=0.017)are risk factors for attention deficit in obese children.Conclusion:1.High obesity rate among children aged 6～8 in some urban areas of Shandong Province.2.The occurrence of obesity in school-age children is closely related to male children,delayed delivery,high exposure to video screens,limited daily activity time,maternal obesity,and unhealthy dietary behaviors.Therefore,these problems should be identified in time and interventions against them should be taken.3.Obese children often have poor sleep quality and bad dietary behaviors,thus relevant health education should be actively carried out.4.Obese children are more prone to inattention,focusing on the impact of sleep problems and dietary behavior on their attention,and actively carrying out relevant health monitoring.