| Objective1.Investigate the current status of knowledge and attitudes towards hospice care among vocational nursing students(hereinafter referred to as vocational nursing students),and analyze their influencing factors.2.Conduct semi-structured interviews with some vocational nursing students 、 nurses and nursing teachers to understand the educational needs of hospice care.3.Based on the preliminary research and combined with the content of the teaching syllabus,construct a plan for the education of hospice therapy and nursing for vocational nursing students.Methods1.A survey on the current situation of knowledge and attitude towards hospice care among vocational nursing studentsUsing a stratified cluster sampling method,853 nursing students in grades 1 to 3 from two vocational colleges in Qingdao from September 2022 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects.To investigate the current status of hospice care knowledge among nursing students using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing(PCQN);To investigate the current status of nursing students’ attitudes towards hospice care using the Frommelt Attitudes Towards Care of the Dying Scale Form B(FATCOD-B);The general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Death Attitude Profile Revised(DAP-R),Purpose in Life Test(PIL)and Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals(JSE-HP)were used to investigate the impact on nursing students’ knowledge and attitude towards hospice care.2.A qualitative study on the demand for hospice care education was conducted using purposive sampling methodUsing the purposive sampling method,a semi-structured interview was conducted on nurses engaged in hospice care and nursing students from each grade of two vocational colleges and teachers.A total of 20 nursing students 、6 nurses 、5 teachers were interviewed.Brain&Clarke’s six step Thematic analysis method was used to sort out and analyze the interview transcripts to understand the current situation of hospice care education and the demand for hospice care education.3.Constructing a plan for peaceful treatment and nursing education for vocational nursing studentsOn the basis of quantitative and qualitative research,combined with the content of the teaching syllabus,a preliminary plan for peace and care education for vocational nursing students is formulated.The Delphi expert consultation method is adopted to form the final peace and care education plan for vocational nursing students.Results1.Survey results of the current situation of palliative care knowledge and attitude of higher vocational nursing students(1)Current status of nursing students’ knowledge and attitude towards hospice care: This study shows that the total score of nursing students’ hospice care knowledge is(8.62±2.62),which is at a medium to low level;The total score of peaceful treatment and nursing attitude is(96.10±10.41),which is at a moderate level.(2)The results of univariate analysis showed that grade,reasons for choosing a nursing major,personal physical condition,whether to accompany loved ones on the deathbed,openly discussing topics related to death at home,and whether to have learned knowledge of hospice care had a statistically significant impact on the knowledge of hospice care among nursing students(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the impact of gender,parents’ physical condition,whether to accompany loved ones on the end of life,whether to avoid discussing death,whether to openly discuss death at home,whether to have studied hospice care knowledge,and whether to have seen or done hospice care services on the attitudes of nursing students towards hospice care.(3)Pearson correlation analysis results: the total score of palliative care knowledge was positively correlated with natural acceptance,total score of sense of meaning in life,life goals,quality of life,and viewpoint selection;It was negatively correlated with the total score of death attitude,escape acceptance,approaching acceptance,and emotional care.The total score of palliative care attitude was positively correlated with the total score of death attitude,approaching acceptance,death avoidance,death fear,natural acceptance,total score of empathy ability,point of view,emotional nursing,and empathy.(4)Multivariate analysis results: The influencing factors of nursing students’ knowledge of hospice care include: grade,reason for choosing nursing major,whether they have accompanied their loved ones on the deathbed,escape acceptance,life goals,and perspective selection;The influencing factors of nursing students’ attitude towards hospice care include gender,openly discussing death related topics at home,whether they have learned knowledge about hospice care,approaching acceptance,death avoidance,natural acceptance,total score of death attitude,viewpoint selection,and emotional care.2.Qualitative interview results on the demand for hospice care educationOrganize and analyze interview materials,Extract the following four themes:(1)Awareness and willingness to learn about hospice care(lack of depth and strong willingness to learn about hospice care knowledge)(2)Attitude towards hospice care and services for end-of-life patients(coexistence of positive and negative attitudes towards hospice care,facing end-of-life patients: fear and helplessness,and high levels of negative emotions)(3)Knowledge and skills in hospice care(Ethics and law of hospice care,symptom care and basic skills,death education and communication,psychological care and grief counseling)(4)Education and teaching arrangements for hospice care(curriculum arrangement,teaching methods,evaluation methods).3.The formation of a palliative care education program for higher vocational nursing students19 experts participated in two rounds of consultations,with a response rate of 95% and 100% for correspondence questionnaires,respectively;The expert coordination coefficients are 0.133 and 0.152respectively;The expert authority coefficients are 0.857 and 0.862,respectively.After two rounds of correspondence,a total of 10 items were deleted,1 item was added,22 items were modified,and 1item was merged,ultimately forming a higher vocational nursing student peace and care education plan,including 5 courses distributed in each semester,8 themes of teaching content,corresponding teaching objectives,teaching methods,and evaluation methods.Conclusion1.The knowledge level and attitude towards hospice care among vocational nursing students are at a moderate to low level,and their ability to provide hospice care needs to be improved,indicating the necessity of improving hospice care education.2.Nurses and nursing students have a high demand for learning about hospice care knowledge.Based on the influencing factors and learning needs,and teacher suggestions,the first draft of the hospice care education plan for vocational nursing students is formed,which is in line with teaching needs and practical teaching,and has certain practicality.3.This study used the Delphi method method to construct the hospice nursing education program for higher vocational nursing students.The process is scientific,the content is reasonable,and the indicators are specific and feasible,which can better meet the actual needs of higher vocational nursing students,and can effectively guide teaching and practice. |
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