To Explore Differences In Cognitive Levels With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children And Their Clinical Phenotypes Using Das Naglieri:Cognitive Assessment System

ObjectiveDN: CAS was applied to explore the differences in cognitive information processing levels of ADHD children and their subtypes,providing a basis for precise intervention treatment of different clinical subtypes of ADHD,and providing potential value for further understanding of the pathogenesis of ADHD.MethodsA total of 185 children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)were selected from the Children Cognitive Clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from October 2020 to November 2022,including 50 cases of simple attention deficit(ADHD-I),45 cases of hyperactivity impulse(ADHD-H)and 90 cases of mixed type(ADHD-C).The SNAP-IV scale was completed by the parents and teachers.The children completed the IVA-CPT test and DN: CAS cognitive assessment.The data were collected and sorted out,and the SPSS software was used for comparative analysis.Results1.The scores of ADHD group in total score,planning,simultaneous processing and attention scales were lower than those of healthy control group(P<0.05);In the 12 tests,the scores of ADHD group were lower than those of the healthy control group(P<0.05)in 7 tests,including number matching,plan coding,plan connection,non-verbal matrix,expressive attention,number detection and receptive attention.2.There was no significant difference in gender among the three groups of children with different clinical phenotypes.In terms of age,ADHD-H > ADHD-C >ADHD-I(P<0.05).3.Only the schedule subscale had significant differences among the three groups with different clinical phenotypes,and the test scores of ADHD-I were lower than those of ADHD-H and ADHD-C(P<0.05).In the subscale,planned connection and digital detection are represented as planned subscales.ADHD-H test scores were higher than ADHD-C and ADHD-I in the subtest of number matching and plan coding,respectively(P<0.05).4.Different clinical phenotypes were compared with healthy controls.(1)ADHD-I was significantly lower than the healthy control group in planning,simultaneous processing,attention subscale and total score(P<0.05),and was also lower than the healthy control group in number matching,plan coding,plan connection,figure memory,number detection,receptive attention(P<0.05).(2)There was no difference between ADHD-H and healthy control group in the four subscales,and only the planned connection score in the subscale was lower than that of healthy control group(P<0.05).(3)The scores of ADHD-C in planning,simultaneous processing,attention subscale and total score were significantly lower than those of healthy control group(P<0.05),and the scores of number matching,planning coding,non-verbal matrix,graphic memory,expressive attention and receptive attention in subscale were also lower than those of healthy control group(P<0.05).Conclusion1.In the DN: CAS cognitive assessment scale,ADHD children showed weaker planning function,simultaneous processing ability and attention ability than the healthy control group.2.There are differences in planning ability between ADHD with different clinical phenotypes,and ADHD-I ability was weaker.3.Children with ADHD-I and ADHD-C showed weaker planning function,simultaneous processing ability and attention ability in DN: CAS cognitive assessment scale than healthy control group,and ADHD-I ability was weaker.4.ADHD-H children did not behind the healthy control group in the planning,simultaneous processing,attention,and subsequent processing abilities assessed in DN: CAS cognitive scale.