The Study On The Rivival Of Sinology By Students Returning From The United States In The 1920s And 1930s

At the beginning of the 20 th century,with the political turmoil in China and the changes in the international environment,there were obvious changes in the Chinese intellectual world.The value and significance of traditional Chinese culture has received unprecedented attention,and people have become consciously aware of the importance of traditional Chinese culture.Against this background,the study of tradition Sinology has emerged.Modern Chinese students who studied in the United States,who have taken on the task of seeking new knowledge in the world in order to revive national culture,are committed to "importing theories and sorting out cultural heritage".They want to revive Chinese civilization through the revival of Sinology.This paper takes the modern Chinese students studying in the United States who made outstanding contributions to the revival of Sinology in the 1920 s and 1930 s as the object of study.It explores the contributions and achievements of these students through building sinological research institutions,nurturing talents who are familiar with the study of Sinology,and conducting sinological academic research.The article aims to reveal the group’s strong identification with national culture and their sense of mission to "save the nation" by reviving Sinology.The paper is organized around the following elements.The first part describes the background of the rise of modern tradition Sinology.With the gradual awakening of China’s national consciousness in the late Qing and early Ming dynasties,a large number of Sinological Research Institutes were founded and articles on tradition Sinology were published.At the end of the New Culture Movement,with the reflection on Western civilization,the intellectuals led by Hu Shi initiated a movement to re-examine the value of traditional Sinology,and it pushed the revival of Sinology to a new stage.The second part explores the contributions of the Chinese students studying in the United States during the construction of the Sinological Research Institutes.As the core figure of the Peking University Sinology Institute,Hu Shi continued to improve the rules and regulations,established national studies publications,and set up various research societies to help improve the department.With the efforts of successive presidents of Tsing-hua,Tsing-hua Nation Literature Research Institute took shape.After Wu Mi became the preparatory director,he recruited instructors,drew up rules and regulations,and worked to create Tsing-Hua Nation Literature Research Institute.After Hongye joined the Yanjing University,he established the Harvard-Yenching Institute,hired outstanding talents,and created original compilation procedures to promote the study of Sinology.During Chen Yuguang’s tenure as president,he made great efforts to build up The Chinese Culture Institute in the University of Nanking,hired researchers,improved the institute’s system,and offered national studies classes,etc.The third part selects four universities,including Peking University,Tsing-hua University,Yanjing University,and Jinling University,and focuses on the following aspects of the group’s education in Sinological education studies: the open admission system,the fresh and lively teaching format,the Scientific and reasonable curriculum,and the teaching achievements,to explain the group’s practice of cultivating national studies talents.The fourth part focuses on the rise of textual criticism,modern linguistics,modern archaeology,and modern librarianship to explain the theme of the revival of Sinology by the modern Chinese student who studied in the United States.In order to develop Chinese academics,Hu Shi always insisted on organizing tradition Sinology with a "skeptical" eye and re-evaluated the value of traditional Chinese academic culture.Yuanren Chao used western scientific theories and methods to open up a new field of Chinese dialect investigation research in China.Li Ji combined Western archaeology with Chinese reality,flexibly applied and innovated new archaeological methods,and continuously unearthed new historical materials in practice,finally achieved a number of modern Chinese archaeological achievements.Liu Guojun introduced the theories and methodologies of Western Bibliography,cataloged and classified books scientifically and systematically,and laid the foundation of modern Chinese librarianship.In the history of modern Chinese culture and scholarship,it is of great importance for modern Chinese students studying in the United States to engage in the study of Sinology.They combined Western and Chinese cultures,gave new vitality to traditional culture,and through modern academic organizations,cultivated Chinese scholars and then set off a wave of national studies,further promoting the national revival movement.At the same time,the academic results achieved by them have helped to promote traditional Chinese culture to the world.