Study On Psychological Adaptation And Educational Intervention Of Preselected Recruits

Objective:The preselected recruits are young conscripts who are physically and politically qualified and are admitted by the military service authorities as candidates for enlistment.Before formal enlistment,they will take a pre-service training which is the preliminary stage of delivering high-quality recruits to the army.This study aims to construct a psychological intervention program by investigating and analyzing the features and influencing factors of psychological adaptation of preselected recruits,in combination with their psychological service needs,and to provide data reference for the psychological training of recruits.Methods:In this study,a self-administered questionnaire of general information,the Adaptation Questionnaire for Recruits in the Army,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),and Symptom Check List90(SCL-90)interpersonal sensitivity factors were used in a whole group sampling method to analyze 1231 preselected recruits in a city of Shandong Province on their psychological adaptation status and the influencing factors.In addition,a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the psychological service needs of 1,130 preselected recruits in a city in Shandong Province,and to analyze the form,content and ways of providing services for them.Accordingly,the index system of psychological adaptation education program was constructed,and two rounds of expert consultation were conducted to form the program for these recruits.Finally,108 scheduled recruits from a district of a city in Shandong Province were selected for educational intervention studies,and the effects of the interventions were subsequently evaluated.Results:1.Factors influencing psychological adaptation of scheduled recruits(1)The psychological adjustment scores of urban recruits were higher than those of rural recruits(P<0.05);the psychological adjustment scores of recruits from non-dual-parent families were higher than those of dual parents(P<0.05);the scores of those with coercive and permissive family upbringing were higher than those of democratic ones(P<0.001);the psychological adjustment scores of recruits with coercive and permissive pre-service education and training management modes were higher than those of democratic ones(P<(P<0.001);the psychological adaptation scores of recruits with 1-2 good friends were higher than those with more than 3 good friends3(P<0.001).(2)The total psychological adjustment score of preselected recruits was positively correlated with SAS,SDS,CPSS and SCL-90 interpersonal sensitivity factor scores(rs=0.481,0.491,0.693,0.556,P<0.001).(3)The household location,anxiety,depression,perceived stress,and interpersonal sensitivity were influential factors of psychological adjustment(χ~2=4.716,15.331,7.666,324.035,52.819,P<0.05).2.Demand for psychological services for preselected recruits(1)The percentage of those who have the need for psychological services is 89.21%.(2)The top 3 forms of service are mental health instruction(74.98%),communicating with professionals(57.30%),and psychological training(53.86%).(3)The top 3 training contents were knowledge of psychology(73.02%),psychological adjustment to role changes during military service(72.37%),and emotion and stress management(68.47%).(4)The training should be conducted once every 1 to 2 days and last 45 to 60 minutes each time.3.Through expert consultation,a psychological adaptation education program for preselected recruits was established,covering 1 primary indicator,5 secondary indicators,and19 tertiary indicators.4.Intervention results of psychological adjustment intervention for preselected recruitsA generalized estimating equation was used to statistically analyze the psychological adjustment scores of scheduled recruits after controlling for age,education level,household location,whether they were an only child,family structure,parenting style,pre-service training and management style,and interpersonal interactions.The interaction of group and time showed that the total psychological adjustment score,army environment approval factor,SDS,and CPSS scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(χ~2=5.598,7.777,7.978,and 18.132,P<0.05).Conclusion:1.The preselected recruits from urban areas and with poor interpersonal communication should be given priority attention,and a democratic education and management approach should be adopted during the pre-service training phase;in addition,psychological intervention should be conducted focusing on the emotional and interpersonal adjustment and stress adaptation to improve their psychological level.2.The preselected recruits have a high demand for psychological services.When carrying out psychological services,we should take the characteristics of the pre-service stage and the recruits into consideration and try to meet their needs for psychological services in terms of content,form and ways.The form of training can be based on psychological education,with additional content such as psychological adjustment to role changes.3.Psychological adaptation training is significantly effective in improving the psychological adaptation level of preselected recruits,alleviating their depressionand relieving their psychological stress.