Research On Clinical Mass Spectrometry Detection Methods For Immunosuppressive Drug

Background:Immunosuppressive drugs have broad clinical applications,including the treatment of autoimmune reactions,organ transplants,cancer,and multiple sclerosis.Despite their pharmacological and toxicological validation,these drugs can cause severe side effects.Therefore,monitoring their use is crucial in clinical settings.Mass spectrometry has emerged as a valuable tool for drug safety monitoring and is widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring as well.Objective:This paper presents two precise,efficient,and user-friendly mass spectrometric methods for detecting immunosuppressive drugs.The first method involves supramolecular solvent extraction/ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the levels of five immunosuppressive drugs(tacrolimus,everolimus,sirolimus,cyclosporine,and mycophenolic acid)in blood.The study also verifies the feasibility of this method while optimizing it.A small mass spectrometry detection technique has been developed as the second method.It is based on thin-layer chromatography separation and ambient ionization method for quantitatively detecting immunosuppressive drugs in blood,such as tacrolimus,everolimus,sirolimus,cyclosporine,and mycophenolic acid.The method has been optimized and evaluated under specific conditions.Research methods and results:Research object 1:Detection of Immunosuppressive Drugs in Blood Using Supramolecular Solvent Extraction and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass SpectrometryThis study established an analytical method for detecting potent immunosuppressive drugs in blood using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The method utilized a new supramolecular solvent designed to extract blood samples efficiently and quantify them through the internal standard method.Initially,the researchers optimized the chromatographic conditions and mass spectrometry parameters to determine qualitative and quantitative ion pairs of five target compounds.They also optimized the column,column temperature,mobile phase,and elution gradient.To test its feasibility,they spiked samples with these compounds.This simple yet accurate pre-treatment protocol is suitable for quantitatively determining immunosuppressive drugs in clinical blood samples with high sensitivity.Research object 2:Detection of immunosuppressive drugs in blood using thin-layer chromatography and compact portable mass spectrometry(TLC-MS)with in ambient ionization:A study.After several attempts,a feasible TLC-MS device was successfully designed by exploring the selection of materials for thin-layer chromatography and rational construction of detection devices.Chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions were established,followed by optimization of pre-sampling conditions for the TLC-MS device.A detection technique based on thin-layer chromatography with in ambient ionization compact portable mass spectrometry was successfully developed through single-factor experiments and methodological investigation.This technique was used to determine concentrations of five immunosuppressive agents in blood,including tacrolimus,sirolimus,everolimus,cyclosporine A and mycophenolic acid.The application of this technique will improve diagnosis efficiency,optimize operational procedures and reduce medical costs.Compared to LC-MS/MS methods commonly used in laboratories,this technique has advantages such as easy detection process with high efficiency that is friendly to healthcare professionals who use it.The new assay protocols provide rapid clinical testing for immunosuppressive classes or other drugs.Improvements are expected to be made on the device designed during this experiment which could become a new method for commercialized bedside assays in the future.Research conclusion:The paper appears to concentrate on the development and optimization of techniques for identifying immunosuppressive drugs in blood samples.The first technique employs supramolecular solvent extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,while the second method utilizes thin-layer chromatography and in ambient ionization compact portable mass spectrometry detection.According to the study,both methods exhibit high reproducibility,with the second approach showing potential for bedside detection after further enhancements.This research offers valuable insights into creating efficient approaches for detecting immunosuppressive drugs in blood samples.