Study On The Health Self-management Level And Influencing Factors Of Grandparents In Grandparent Car

Objective:(1)To investigate the level of health self-management of the grandparents who took care of each other;(2)To analyze the influencing factors of the health self-management of the grandparents in generational care.Methods:(1)A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select grandparents involved in intergenerational care in the Changsha community as the study population.Questionnaires were administered to 1607 grandparents who met the inclusion criteria from March 2022 to December2022.(2)the survey instruments included general information,the Adult Health Self-Management Competence Scale,the Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Appreciative Social Support Scale.(3)Excel and SPSS 26.0 statistical software were used for data entry and statistical analysis,and descriptive statistical analysis methods such as mean ± standard deviation(χ ±s),frequency(n),and composition ratio(%)were used to analyze the general sociodemographic information and intergenerational care-related information of the study subjects;independent sample t-test and oneway ANOVA were used to compare the health self-management ability of the study subjects in different Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between general selfefficacy,perceived social support and health self-management ability of the study participants.Results:(1)was 0.950 and the KMO was 0.941,with Bartlett’s sphericity test of P < 0.001.The Health Self-Management Competence Scale score of the intergenerational care grandchildren in Changsha was(146.75 ± 21.64),which was in the middle level and lower than the domestic norm(P < 0.05).The highest score for diet self-management(4.11±0.64)and the lowest score for exercise self-management(3.53±0.90).(2)the total score of general self-efficacy scale for grandparents in intergenerational care(25.64±3.28)was at an intermediate level,with the highest score for item 1(2.95±0.48)and the lowest score for item 3(2.69±0.60).(3)the total score of perceived social support for grandparents in intergenerational care(25.64±3.28).The total score of perceived social support of grandparents was(62.54±8.26),which was at a high level.The mean scores of entries in the family support dimension(5.36±0.83),the friend support dimension(5.17±0.85),and the other support dimensions(5.09±0.91).(4)Univariate analysis and t-test showed that the health self-management ability of grandparents was influenced by their gender,age,place of origin,residence with spouse,education level,average monthly income,chronic disease status,number of grandchildren being cared for,age of grandchildren being cared for,physical condition of grandchildren,relationship with grandchildren,way of caring for grandchildren,average daily time of caring for grandchildren There were statistical differences in 14 aspects such as the opportunity to acquire health knowledge compared to before care(P <0.05).(5)There was a significant positive correlation between the total score of the health selfmanagement ability of the grandparents and the total score of general self-efficacy,the total score of perceived social support and their dimensions(P >0.05).(6)multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that the overall test of the regression equation was statistically significant(F = 111.711,P < 0.001),with grandchildren’s s age,original residence,residence status with spouse,education level,whether they had chronic diseases,number of grandchildren in care,age of grandchildren in care,relationship with grandchildren,average daily length of care,access to health knowledge,general self-efficacy,and appreciation of social support were 12 factors that had an effect on their health self-management ability(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)The health self-management ability of grandparents participating in intergenerational care in this study is at a moderate level and lower than the domestic norm.(2)Factors such as the age of grandparents,the number of grandchildren taken care of,the relationship with grandchildren,the average daily length of care,and the opportunity to acquire health knowledge are negatively correlated with their ability to self-manage their health.(3)The factors such as original residence,spouse’s living condition,education level,chronic disease,grandchild’s age,general self-efficacy,and understanding of social support are positively related to the health self-management ability of grandparents who provide intergenerational care.