A Study On The Demarcation And Structural Form Of Non-predicative Adjectives In Modern Chinese

Non-predicative adjectives in modern Chinese represents the category of things,which are often distributed in the " +NP" frame.Since Lv Shuxiang and Rao Changrong’s Non-predicated Adjectives in 1981,the researches and discussion on this type of words have been very lively,mainly focusing on the definition and names,the status of parts of speech,grammatical features,and relationship with other parts of speech.Scholars have different views and there are academic disagreements.Based on the non-predicative adjectives collected in previous articles and the attribute words(i.e non-predicative adjectives)listed in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition),this thesis studies the non-predicative adjectives in modern Chinese.The main parts of this paper are Chapter 2,Chapter 3 and Chapter 4.This paper focuses on three main aspects: identifying the distinguishing word from the part of speech,discussing the relationship between non-predicative adjectives and other parts of speech,and explore the participle structure characteristics of non-predicative adjectives.Here are the specifics:Chapter 2 mainly identify modern Chinese non-predicative adjectives.Firstly,non-predicative adjectives is clarified that the identification of parts of speech should be based on lexical meaning and feature distribution as the standard,and then formulate a fixed and exclusive identification framework for parts of speech.On this basis,it is pointed out that the lexical meaning of non-predicative adjectives is generic meaning,which determines its distribution characteristics.Based on this,the identification frame of non-predicative adjectives should be A: non+;B: *this is.If the framework A and B are satisfied at the same time,the word can be judged as a non-predicative adjective.Chapter 3 mainly discusses the question of the ross catagory word of non-predicative adjectives and other parts of speech.The criterion for judging whether the part of speech is a concurrent class is whether the word generates a new reduced lexical generic meaning.There is no parallel relationship between non-predicative adjectives and adverbs.The reason is that non-predicative adjectives that can be used as adverbial words do not generate new lexical meanings when they act as adverbs of sentences.When the object of modification is verbs,adverbial use is the natural choice of non-predicative adjectives.When nouns,adjectives,and verbs have a lexical meaning of "generic" based on the original lexical meaning,we think that there comes in ross catagory words of nouns,adjectives,and verbs and non-predicative adjectives.At the same time,because the non-predicative adjectives often co-occurs with the head language,which is generally a noun component,it is easy to be infected by it and absorb the nominal meaning,so there will be a situation where the non-predicative adjectives wanders to the noun.The fourth chapter starts from the internal structure,and summarizes the visible formal characteristics of four compound distinguishing words: “X+ represents the morpheme of the category” “the N+V subject-predicate compound structure””the A+N abstract structure” and “the prefix+X structure” from the internal structure.These four structural forms of words are generally non-predicative adjectives,indicating generic meanings,and are used as attributives in sentences.At the same time,combined with the investigation of English adjectives,it is demonstrated that the above four types of compound words also act as attributives in English,and have the same function as distinguishing words.