The Study On The History Of The Formation Of The Niu-Li Tang-cheng

Factional strife is one of the most prominent issues in the politics of the junction of late Tang Dynasty,and the Niu-Li tang-cheng is one of the most influential factional strife in the junction of late Tang Dynasty’s politics history.The political ecology of the junction of late Tang Dynasty made the Niu-Li tang-cheng happen.This paper takes the Niu-Li tang-cheng as a starting point,discusses this historical problem from four aspects: the compilation of historical records,the Zhongshu menxia System,the official advancement environment of official groups,the “great clans”,discuss how the political ecological environment made the Niu-Li tang-cheng happen.First,the Zhongshu menxia system in the junction of late Tang Dynasty was an important institutional background for the formation of faction.In the politics of the junction of late Tang Dynasty,under the Zhongshu menxia system,the power of the chief ministers was enhanced.Therefore,it is easy to form the “Chief ministers--Faction” model.And the “prime minister system” makes it easier for the prime minister to become the faction’s leader.In order to consolidate there power,the chief ministers appointed his members to the important posts.Second,the environment for entering the dynasty as an official is relatively harsh,it makes easy for court officials to rely on crony groups to seek asylum.In Te-tsung and Shun-tsung’s age,eunuchs and sycophants were in power,the official groups had a bad environment,therefore,they became faction with the chief ministers,in order to have better official positions.But that behavior promoted the expansion of the faction’s power.On the other hand,the disintegration of the System of Dominant Family provided a social environment for clans to form factions.In the time of the destruction of the great families,in order to have better official positions,the clans members,relatives members became factions.In such a political ecological environment,the Niu-Li tang-cheng formed and continued to develop,and the deepening of the factional strife was not only reflected in the two factions,it also reflected in Wen-tsung and the sycophants named Lixun and Zhengzhu,they inflamed the contradiction between the Niu faction and Li faction.In fact,the political ecological environment that promotes the formation of factional strife party did not change in the late Tang Dynasty,so the small-scale factional strife in the late Tang Dynasty still happened sometimes.Finally,in the compilation of historical records,factional strife affected the selection of historians,this affected that when the historian’s record the events about the factional strife,they probably didn’t record it as true.In general,the political system background and social environment of the junction of late Tang Dynasty created a strong atmosphere of factional strife,and in this political ecological environment,the the Niu-Li tang-cheng occurred.And the factional strife also influenced the compilation of historical books,so the records of the historical events of in the historical books add to the complexity of the factional strife itself.