The Critical Research Of Marx And Engels On Adam Smith’s Moral View

As a thinker in the primitive accumulation period of bourgeoisie and capitalism in the18 th century,Adam Smith represented and inherited the theoretical characteristics of western and British empiricism,idealism and liberalism.Marx and Engels specifically criticized Adam Smith’s theory,which also criticized his morality both directly and indirectly.Marx and Engels’ criticism of their moral values has many value and enlightenment for the development of socialist market economy,systematically and avoid the understanding of extreme morality,and to make the correct moral choices under various social thoughts and moral confusion.Marx and Engels ’criticism of Adam Smith’s morality starts from the social context of their life,Critical of the brutal means of the primitive accumulation of capitalism,Most ile,most est,meandespicable and most hateful deprivation and possession,Criticism the evil acts of exploitation,oppression and poverty of the proletariat during the rise of capitalism,Criticism the bourgeoisie’s "social murder" of the proletariat;In the aspect of the critical theory,Marx and Engels criticized Adam Smith’s theory of sympathy and self-interest,Critique the affective moral theory by moral practice theory,Liberal theory,focusing on the social community theory and criticizing its individualism;Criticism empiricism,false hypothesis and abstract general with realism,investigative research and historical materialism.In terms of critical content,Marx and Engels confused the interests of capitalists and workers with the hypothesis of economic man,criticized the moral rationality of the hypothesis of economic man,criticized the moral rationality of economic man’s identity equality and fair wage with different principles of division of labor and the inequality and freedom of production status,and criticized free trade,free division of labor and free competition with the freedom of capital and the freedom of labor,Criticize the moral quality of economic man with employment labor theory and surplus value theory.In addition,Marx and Engels also criticized the internal logic of mercenary in Adam Smith’s moral view and the moral view constructed to adapt to the bourgeoisie as the ruling class.Marx and Engels’ criticism of Adam Smith’s morality helps to oppose the universal morality and empty moral preaching in the development of market economy,reflect and solve the moral problems in market economy,construct the moral norms suitable for the socialist market economy in the new era,and provide direction and theoretical guidance for criticizing the morality of the Western bourgeoisie.