| Pingdu dialect belongs to Jiao-Liao Mandarin,with 25 initials,36 vowels and 4tones.The phonological system of Pingdu dialect is recorded through the survey,while comparing Pingdu dialect with the middle ancient phonological system,and summarizing the phonological characteristics of Pingdu dialect with the rules of tone sandhi,and exploring its drift levels.There are 4 citation tones,14 disyllabic non-duplicative tone sandhi patterns and 4neutral tone sandhi patterns in Pingdu dialect.The tone sandhi of the two-character group is generally the front word tone sandhi,and a small part is the back word tone sandhi.No new tone is generated after the tone sandhi.Through the comparison of Pingdu dialect and middle ancient phonological system,it is found that in terms of initials,the ancient Jing-zu(精组)become tθ,tθ(?),θbefore the Hong-yin(洪音),and become(?),(?),s before the Xi-yin(细音).The initials of Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang(知庄章)are divided into t(?),t(?),(?)and(?),(?),s.In terms of vowels,the first-class vowel of Guo-she(果摄)is Hekou-rhyme(合口韵)u(?);Xian-she(咸摄)opening first-class of Jian-xi(见系)are same as Duan-xi(端系);Zhuang-zu(庄组)of Zeng-she(曾摄)first and third-class of Kai-kou(开口),and Ru-sheng(入声)of Geng-she(梗摄)the second-class of Kai-kou(开口)are ei.In terms of tone,the Qing-ping(清平)belong to Yinping(阴平),and the Zhuo-ping(浊平)belong to Yang-ping(阳平);the Qingshang(清上)and Ci-zhuo-shang(次浊上)belong to Shang-sheng(上声),most of the Quan-zhuo-shang(全浊上)belong to Yang-ping(阳平),and a few of the the Quan-zhuo-shang(全浊上)belong to Qu-sheng(去声);most of Qingqu(清去)belong to Qu-sheng(去声),a few belong to Yang-ping(阳平),most of the Quan-zhuo-qu(全浊去)belong to Yang-ping(阳平),a few belong to Qu-sheng(去声);the Qing-ru(清入)belong to the Shang-sheng(上声),the Ci-zhuo-ru(次浊入)belong to Qu-sheng(去声),and the Quan-zhuo-shang(全浊上)belong to the Yang-ping(阳平).The main study of tones is on the change of the Qu-sheng(去声).According to the comparison of the 3 citation tones and 4 citation tones of the Pingdu dialect,it is considered that the earlier Qu-sheng(去声)was divided into Qing-qu(清去)and Zhuo-qu(浊去)(including the Quan-zhuo-shang全浊上and Zhu-qu浊去),then the Ci-zhuo-ru(次浊入)was merged into Qing-qu(去声),and the change process was the earlier Qu-sheng(去声)(including the Quan-zhuo-shang全浊上and Qu-sheng去声)→Qing-qu(清去)and Zhuo-qu(浊去)(including the Quanzhuo-shang全浊上and Zhuo-qu浊去)→Zhuo-qu(浊去)merge to Yang-ping(阳平)and Ci-zhuo-ru(次浊入)merge to Qing-qu(清去)→present Qu-sheng(去声)(including Qing-qu清去,Ci-zhuo-ru次浊入). |
PDF Full Text Request