The Study On The Monosyllable Verbs Of Suffering Meaning In Modern Chinese

The research object of this article is the Monosyllable Verbs of Suffering Meaning in Modern Chinese.We pay attention to the substituting conditions of the Suffering Sentences and the“Bei（被）”Sentences in different formats according to whether the agent exists,and focus on the description and analysis of the semantic characteristics and syntactic functions of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”.At the same time,based on the distribution of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”in the corpus,we use the research method of quantitative and qualitative analysis and compare the distribution characteristics and differences of formats of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”.In addition,this article applies the research results of the Monosyllable Verbs of Suffering Meaning in modern Chinese into Chinese Teaching as Second Language.We put forward some suggestions and precautions for the writing of relevant language points in textbooks,in order to be helpful in teaching practice.The paper is devided into six chapters:Chapter one is the introduction,which introduce the purpose and significance of the study.Then,we sort out the research status of the ontology research of the Monosyllable Verbs of Suffering Meaning in modern Chinese and the related research of Chinese teaching as second language,and point out the shortcomings of most of the existed research.Finally,the research object and the corpus source are also mentioned and the theoretical basis and research methods of this paper are explained.Chapter two defines the Verbs of Suffering Meaning,investigates the grammatical characteristics of the Monosyllable Verbs of Suffering Meaning in modern Chinese,and summarizes the common grammatical features of the Monosyllable Verbs of Suffering Meaning.In addition,this part summarizes the two basic situations of the Suffering Sentences,and studies the conditions which sentence pattern can replace with the“Bei（被）”Sentences.Therefore,we draw the following conditions:When the Suffering Sentences is in the“V_zao+NP_（agent）+VP”,“V_zao+VP”,“V_zao+NP_（tool）”,it can be replaced with the“Bei（被）”Sentences.Chapter three studies the semantic features and syntactic functions of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”.Linguistic facts show that the common semantic features of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”mainly include two aspects:[-autonomy][+continuation],but we found the key feature that can distinguish the three words in the above:“Ai（挨）”focuses on the informal style,“Shou（受）”is more liberal in the two styles,and“Zao（遭）”focuses on the formal style.In addition,from the perspective of semantic relationship characteristics,the object of“Shou（受）”is more flexible and less restrictive to emotional color,while the object of“Ai（挨）”and“Zao（遭）”is combined with objects with negative meanings in general.The syntactic functions of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”have the following similarities:First,they are mainly collocation verb objects.Second,they all have the basic syntactic characteristics of non-autonomous verbs.Third,there is a strong dependence on the object.Fourth,the grammatical nature of their objects is basically the same.What’s more,the differences in the syntactic functions of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”are mainly reflected in:They have different ability to combine with Willing Verbs.The restrictions are different when modified by the adverb.Chapter four visually shows the distribution of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”in different styles through the investigation and statistics of the dialogue data and news headline data in the MLC corpus and CNKI newspaper database.Next,we compare and analyze the differences usage of“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”in the formats such as“V_zao+VP”,“V_zao+NP”,“V_zao+NP+VP”.Moreover,we found that the Suffering Verb“Yu（遇）”,which has some similar semantics to them,is obviously different from“Ai（挨）”,“Shou（受）”and“Zao（遭）”in terms of usage.Chapter five analyzes the real usage of the Verbs of Suffering Meaning in the HSK dynamic composition corpus（2.0）,summarizes the typed of speech errors,and analyzes the types of speech errors in combination with the research results of the Verbs of Suffering Meaning.Secondly,this part statistics and analyzes the arrangement of the language points related to the Verbs of Suffering Meaning in the textbook named“HSK Standard Course”.Some suggestions for the authors in the textbook are put forward.Chapter six is the conclusion.It summarizes main research results of the paper,at the same time,it points out the shortcomings in the paper as well as the direction of further efforts in the future.