Study On Democratic Thought In Hegel’s Critique Of Legal Philosophy

Democracy is a basic value in modern human political life.The realistic context in which democracy first appeared in Marx ’s theory is the criticism of Prussian feudal autocracy and Hegel ’s philosophy of law.These criticisms present the democratic political position of Marx ’s early revolution,and also provide ideological and theoretical conditions for turning to communism.This paper focuses on Marx ’s ’ Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right ’ in 1843,sorts out the democratic thoughts expounded and presented by Marx in criticizing Hegel ’s view of state,and determines the characteristics and nature of Marx ’s democratic thoughts in this period.The main content of this paper includes four parts.The first part analyzes the background of the formation of democratic thought in ’Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right ’.The realistic background of the democratic thought in " Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right " is inseparable from the criticism of feudal Prussian despotism,the response to the unique problem of the separation of civil society and political state in the modern world created by the political revolution,and the dissatisfaction with Hegel ’s national philosophy which advocates the monarchy.In terms of theoretical background,Rousseau ’s thought of people ’s sovereignty,the democratic thought of utopian socialists and the ideas of Feuerbach and Hess in the young Hegelians all constitute the theoretical source of the democratic thought in ’ Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right ’.The second part explains the basic content of democratic thought in Hegel ’s critique of legal philosophy.In Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right,Marx criticized the kingship,executive power and legislative power of the internal system of Hegel ’s state,such as the constitutional monarchy is the product of political alienation,bureaucracy is the formalism of the state,and the illusory universality of the hierarchical representative system.He put forward early democratic ideas such as democracy is the essence of the state system,people ’s self-management,people ’s legislation and universal suffrage.The third part explains the theoretical structure and theoretical characteristics of democratic thought in ’ Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right ’.The premise of Marx ’s democratic thought is that civil society determines the political state,the core is the people ’s sovereignty,and the ultimate value is the free liberation of human beings.At the same time,this democratic thought has the theoretical characteristics of critical,people-oriented and practical.The fourth part expounds the theoretical value and practical value of the democratic thought in the critique of Hegel ’s philosophy of right.Although the democratic thought in Marx ’s ’ Critique of Hegel ’s Philosophy of Right ’ is not mature enough,it has realized the transcendence of classical liberal democracy,laid a theoretical foundation for the development of communist thought,and has important theoretical guiding significance for the construction of democratic politics in China today.Secondly,it is conducive to promoting the improvement of China’s people ’s sovereign democratic system,strengthening democratic supervision,promoting citizens ’ orderly participation in politics,promoting the development and improvement of people ’s democracy in the whole process,and realizing the real unity of theory and practice.