Report On The Translation Of Boris Zhitkov's Short Storie

The betel nut,originally just a green fruit growing on a tree in nature,was introduced to Lingnan from foreign countries and has undergone the process of evolving from an exotic to a local object,and has played a complex role as a medicine and a food in Lingnan.Although many scholars have studied betel nut in recent times,they have not yet explored it from an intellectual perspective.Therefore,this paper examines the relationship between betel nut and Lingnan culture from an intellectual history perspective,revealing the intertwined interactions between drug knowledge and local society and culture.Before the Qing Dynasty,the introduction of betel nut into China can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty,so betel nut formally entered the national vision from the Han Dynasty.During the Wei and Jin dynasties,betel nut had become a precious fruit for the upper class,and famous scholars in the Wei and Jin dynasties also used betel nut as a metaphor for "loyalty and devotion",which means that betel nut had already started to be chinesized at this time.In the Tang and Song dynasties,the betel nut was given the title of "Miasma Washing Dan" and became a powerful tool for the people of Lingnan to get rid of miasma.In the Ming Dynasty,when plagues were frequent,betel nut played a richer role,and doctors used it as a medicine for plague.Broadly speaking,from the Han Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty,the medicinal and food nature of betel nut gradually came to the fore,and its role and connotation became richer and richer,and its relationship with society and culture became closer.In the early Qing Dynasty,Lingnan culture was gradually integrated into the Central Plains culture,showing the trend of "cathaysification",and the knowledge of betel nut in Lingnan was also integrated into it,which produced certain changes in the process of integration of Lingnan culture.During the Qing Dynasty,the culture of the Central Plains broke through the barrier of the past and was introduced to Lingnan,and the medical culture of Lingnan was influenced by the introduction of therapeutics in south of Yangtze River.In such a situation,doctors classified "malaria" as external warm diseases,and people’s perception of "malaria" became clearer,and its mystery gradually disappeared.Since then,the identity of betel nut has been transformed from a "miasma cleanser" to a medicine for warm diseases.In addition,in the middle of Qing Dynasty,besides the process of "cathaysification",the Lingnan culture has also propagated to the north,which is especially obvious in Xiangtan area,where the Lingnan betel nut has been localized after flowing into Xiangtan,becoming the food betel nut with Xiangtan characteristics.In short,the betel nut knowledge in Lingnan in the first and middle of Qing Dynasty has undergone new changes on the basis of two-way cultural interaction,and the knowledge of betel nut mainly presents the tendency of thermo-pathology,and betel nut also goes out of Lingnan and produces new intermingling with other regional cultures.Until the late Qing Dynasty,the Lingnan region led by Guangdong was gradually moving towards modernization,and the Lingnan betel nut knowledge revealed a different development direction in the flood of modernization.Guangdong,an important trading port,introduced many new things,and opium den and tea were two of the more popular commodities at this time,the addiction of opium den is more intense than betel nut.While the rise of Guangdong herbal tea and the flourishing of teahouses had prompted the frequent appearance of tea,especially in the social contact and culture of Lingnan people.In terms of hospitality,tea had push aside the betel nut in some ways.So far,betel nut has gradually faded out of the life of Cantonese people,showing a trend of marginalization.