Research On The Rights Protection Of The People In Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty was in a period of great development and reform in ancient China.At this time,compared with the previous dynasties,the law and judicial aspects had a great development,and the folk customs also had a great change,and the number of people’s rights protection cases increased greatly.The main ways for people to protect their rights are to attack and hear the drum,invite the drivers,put prisoners in prison,ask for mediation or file a lawsuit with the government.Dengwen drum system can be divided into Dengwen drum institute,Dengwen Examination Institute and examination institute.Dengwen Drum system developed well in the Northern Song Dynasty,but gradually declined in the Southern Song Dynasty.The Dengwen Drum system was mainly responsible for receiving the petitions of officials and people,and it was an important means for the emperor to know the people.With the enhancement of people’s awareness of protecting their rights in the Song Dynasty,the number of cases of inviting people to drive cars also increased.When the emperor went out,people often knelt down on the road,which sometimes made the emperor very annoyed.Compared with the first two ways of safeguarding rights,the record of prisoners is a passive form of safeguarding rights.Due to the many reforms in the Song Dynasty,the changing social forms,the prominent class contradictions and other reasons,the object and standard of the record of prisoners also changed frequently,and its dependence on the emperor and officials who conducted the record of prisoners reflects the Confucian thought of careful punishment.Inviting people to mediate is also one of the common methods of safeguarding rights.The mediation is mainly conducted by the villagers,neighbors or retired officials,etc.,which inevitably has compromise in the process of adjustment.When people protect their rights,they can also file a lawsuit with the government.Compared with the previous ways of protecting their rights,this way of protecting their rights needs to go through formal procedures,and in the process of protecting their rights,they are also restricted by status,time and place.In Song Dynasty,people’s rights protection was established on a certain basis.This was the golden age of the political,economic and cultural development of the feudal society in ancient China,and the commodity economy gained unprecedented development.The development of agriculture and handicraft industry broke through the natural economic structure of people’s self-sufficiency,and the prosperous economy blurred the boundary between residents and merchants,resulting in the rise of the civic class.The ruler attaches great importance to the construction of laws and the law enforcement ability of officials,formulates detailed legal provisions,and often modifies them according to specific cases in judicial practice.The prosperous and open society has impacted the original values,and the people’s consciousness of rights has emerged.They have the courage to safeguard their own interests in the face of disputes,and the concept of equality has emerged.The protection of the rights of the people in the Song Dynasty not only had a great influence at that time,but also had a profound influence on the later generations.Ju brought points and double vision don’t can be gradually perfect provides a foundation for justice is fairness and justice,people to face the reality of their legal rights and interests are violated,the courage to maintain their rights,conducive to the development of the law of progress.The Song Dynasty concept of simple distribution,optimizing the team of judges,optimizing the judicial efficiency of measures enough to provide references for today’s Chinese judicial construction,but the Song Dynasty also had the imbalance of the severity of criminal law,the ruling class to power disorder law,code changes frequently,the level of officials are different and other problems,democratic legal construction faced numerous obstacles,many of which are enough to provide lessons for today’s Chinese judicial construction.