Research On Archaeological Culture’ Pedigree Of The Longshan Period In Ruhe River And Yinghe River Basin

Studies have shown that the archaeological culture of the Longshan Period in Ruhe River(汝河)and Yinghe River(颍河)basin is very closely related to the Erlitou(二里头)Culture.Since the late Yangshao(仰韶)period,Ruhe River and Yinghe River basin have been the center of the intersection of the Qinwangzhai(秦王寨),Dawenkou(大汶口),and Qujialing(屈家岭)cultures.In the early Longshan(龙山)period,the Wadian(瓦店)phase I culture was distributed in the area,and the Meishan(煤山)culture was in the late period.This paper discusses the Wadian phase I culture and the age of the Meishan culture from the materials of the Longshan period sites in Ruhe River and Yinghe River basin.It is pointed out that the Wadian phase I culture and the Meishan culture are two archaeological cultures belonging to the same genealogy and successive to each other.This thesis includes five chapters:Chapter 1 outlines the reasons for writing this paper,clarifies the temporal and spatial scope of the research object and the main materials,and reviews the discovery and research history of the Longshan period remains in Ruhe River and Yinghe River basin.Chapter 2 first discusses the dates of the remains of Gushuihe(谷水河)III and the burials of Dawenkou culture from Sigang(寺岗),Pingdingshan(平顶山),and assigns them to the late Yangshao period.Based on the latest research results of the Longshan period remains in the Yuncheng basin,I compare the remains of the early Longshan period in Ruhe River and Yinghe River basin,represented by the Wadian Phase I,and date the remains of the Wadian Phase I culture,which were previously dated in a more general way,as equivalent to the first to third phases of the Jingcun culture,naming them the Wadian Phase I culture.Chapter 3 analyzes materials from typical sites such as Wadian in Yuzhou(禹州),Haojiatai(郝家台)in Yancheng(郾城),and Wangchenggang(王城岗)in Dengfeng(登封),and combines them with materials from other sites to divide the Meishan Culture into four phases and seven sections,dating its absolute age between 2500 and1900 BC.It is also pointed out that the first phase of the Meishan culture may be comparable to or slightly later than the fourth phase of the Jingcun culture.Chapter 4 first reviews the academic knowledge about the nature and chronology of the Wadian I type remains,and by comparing them with the pottery excavated from the Yuchisi(尉迟寺)type of the Dawenkou culture,the Wadian phase I remains are designated as the Wadian phase I culture.It also discusses the westward movement of the Dawenkou culture since the late Yangshao period and its cultural interaction with the western part of Henan.By comparing the pottery of the Meishan culture and the Wadian phase I culture,the two cultures are considered to be two archaeological cultures at different stages of development in the same genealogy;the interaction between the Longshan period culture of the Yuncheng basin and the Meishan culture is briefly analyzed.It is also pointed out that the remains of Wang Youfang(王油坊)culture and Yuhuicun(禹会村)type do not belong to the Meishan culture,and the Meishan culture flows to the remains of the Xinzhai(新砦)phase.