A Comparative Study Of The Adverb Of Universal Quantification“Yi Lü”,“Yi Gai ”and “Yi Li”

In this paper,the adverbs of universal quantification "yi lü","yi gai" and "yi li" are selected as the research object,and based on the theories of universal quantification in formal semantics,a comparative study is made on three universal quantification from the six aspects of the distribution of quantitative objects and semantic categories,characteristics of predicate expression,co-occurrence with other words of universal quantification,semantic characteristics of adverb,limiting conditions of universal quantification.The article is divided into six parts.The first chapter discusses the distribution of quantitative objects.The quantitative objects of three adverbs are divided into four categories: the manifested component of noun,the manifested component of predicate,the hidden component before VP and the hidden component before subject-predicate sentence.It is found that the three adverb of universal quantification can map the components in various positions into the three-part structure,which is complex and diverse.There are differences in the diversity of the quantitative objects of the three adverb of universal quantification: "yi lü" ≥ "yi gai" > "yi li".The second chapter discusses the semantic categories of quantitative objects.The quantitative objects can be divided into five categories: entity,event,location,time and nature,and they ca be divided into different subcategories according to syntactic and semantic features.Through the combination of major categories and sub-categories,the diversity of meaning categories of word,the unity or difference of meaning categories between words and word are clarified.There are differences in the diversity of semantic categories of the three adverb of universal quantification: "yi lü" ≥ "yi gai" > "yi li".The third chapter discusses the characteristics of predicate expression.According to the different categories,the subtle differences in semantic expression of the predicate of each adverb of universal quantification are investigated.It is found that the three adverb of universal quantification are mainly based on the predicate expression of action verbs,and the predicate expression of "yi lv" is more semantically conventional,while "yi gai" is weaker.In the division of categories of adjectives and noun,the semantic expression of their predicate expressions has its own emphasis;The predicate expression characteristics of "yi li" and "yi gai" are similar,but "yi li" has few categories.There are differences in the diversity of predicate expressions of the three adverb of universal quantification: "yi lü" ≥ "yi gai" > "yi li".The fourth chapter discusses the co-occurrence of three adverbs with other words of universal quantification."yi lü" and "yi gai" can co-occur with other words of universal quantification,but“yi li” never co-occur with other words of universal quantification.The word of universal quantification of co-occurrence can be divided into two types: determiners and adverbs.This paper analyzes the semantic functions of the co-occurrence of "yi lü" and "yi gai" with these two kinds of words of universal quantification,and hold that "yi lü" and "yi gai" is still a operator of universal quantification that dominates the overall situation when they co-occur with determiners of universal quantification of individual denoting、set denoting or arbitrary denoting,while the co-occurrence with adverb "dou" often leads to the functional conflict and semantic function of "yi lü" and "yi gai" changes,so the interpretation of sentence meaning is complicated.There are differences in the diversity of the co-occurrence of three adverb of universal quantifiers with other words: "yi lü" = "yi gai" > "yi li".The fifth chapter discusses the semantic features of universal quantifiers.By the semantic features,it is shown that "yi lü" 、 "yi gai" and "yi li" have different degrees in the aspect of individual denoting or set denoting which is not absolute opposition,but intertwined with each other.The degree of individual denoting meaning of the three adverbs from high to low is as follows : "yi lü" ≥ "yi gai" > "yi li".The sixth chapter discusses the limiting conditions when the three adverbs express the universal quantification.These three categories,which are used with "chu la",negative adverbs before them and rhetorical questions,become the limiting condition because they have the semantic characteristics of negative quantification,while the predicate of the expression relationship becoming the limiting condition is caused by the fact that the quantified object is not relationship.There are differences in the diversity of limiting condition when the three adverbs express the universal quantification: "yi lü" = "yi gai" > "yi li".