A Multi-angle Study Of The Commentary Adverb “Pian (偏) X”

The research object of this paper is the commentary adverb"Pian(偏)X"which is represented by"Pianpian(偏偏),Pianqiao(偏巧),Piansheng(偏生)".It mainly highlights the surprising tone that the objective facts deviate from the speaker’s subjective expectations.Different from general adverbs and adversative conjunctions,it mainly expresses the subjective feelings and attitudes of the speaker and has certain subjectivity.Throughout the previous research results,scholars’research on these three words mostly focuses on their casestudies,and there are no scholars involved in comparative studies.Therefore,based on the existing research results,this paper makes a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the lexicalization,syntactic analysis and position expression of"pianpian(偏偏)","pianqiao(偏巧)"and"piansheng(偏生)",hoping to provide some help for the in-depth study of related modal adverbs.This article consists of five chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly expounds the reason and the significance of the topic,and establishes the cut in point and direction of the research on the basis of the predecessors.The second chapter mainly examines the lexicalization and grammaticalization process of "pian(偏)X" modal adverbs from a diachronic perspective,and summarizes the motivation of its lexicalization and grammaticalization: "pian(偏)X" modal adverbs are mainly restricted by three factors : semantic grammaticalization,syntactic position change and prosodic mechanism.The third chapter is mainly based on the corpus of"partial(偏)X"modal adverbs syntactic comparative analysis.This chapter mainly compares the similarities and differences of the three words from four aspects:the position of the"pian(偏)X"modal adverb in the sentence,the distribution of the sentence category,the co-occurrence with other components and the co-occurrence of the shi(是)"sentence.The position of the modal adverb"pian(偏)X"in the sentence is more flexible.The similarity is that these three words are generally located in the middle and the beginning of the sentence.The difference is that"pian pian(偏偏)"can be located at the end of the sentence,while"pian sheng(偏生)"and"pian qiao(偏巧)"cannot be located at the end of the sentence.The modal adverb"pian(偏)X"can only be used in declarative sentences,general interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences,but not in imperative sentences.In the selection of modal adverbs,dynamic auxiliaries and other modal adverbs,the following conclusions are drawn:"partial(偏)X"modal adverbs can co-occur with dynamic auxiliaries"zhe(着)","le(了)"and"guo(过)".The co-occurrence value of"pian pian(偏偏)"and modal particle"ne(呢)"is the largest,the co-occurrence value of"pianqiao(偏巧)"and"ne(呢)"is lower,and the co-occurrence value of"piansheng(偏生)"and"ne(呢)"is zero.The co-occurrence value of"pian(偏)X"modal adverbs and modal particles"ah(啊)"and"ya(呀)"is zero;the choice of"pian(偏)X"modal adverbs to other modal adverbs is mainly manifested in the choice of 13 types of modal adverbs divided by Shi Jinsheng.These three words can co-occur with modal adverbs of indication,willingness and probability.The difference is that"pian pian(偏偏)"and"piansheng(偏生)"can co-occur with relational modal adverbs,while"pianqiao(偏巧)"cannot co-occur with them.The fourth chapter mainly uses the theory of stance expression and the relevant theoretical knowledge of interactive linguistics,and combines the BCC corpus,CCL corpus,and the Media Language Corpus of China Media University(MLC corpus)to investigate the similarities and differences of the stance expression of"partial(偏)X"modal adverbs in conversation.This chapter mainly compares the similarities and differences of the three words in terms of position expression from the types of deviation expectation,the position of the turn,and the function of evaluating position expression."pian pian(偏偏)"and"pianqiao(偏巧)"can be located at the beginning and middle of the turn,and’piansheng’can be located at the middle and end of the turn,which has the function of discourse cohesion.The types of deviation expectation guided by"partial(偏)X"modal adverbs mainly include deviation from speaker’s expectation,deviation from receiver’s expectation and deviation from social sharing expectation.Positive evaluation and negative evaluation can be expressed in specific conversational contexts.Among them,’partial coincidence’is used more in negative events than in positive events in specific contexts.The fifth chapter mainly summarizes the research conclusions and deficiencies of this paper.