A Study Of Teaching The Words Formed By "De" Of HSK Standard Course

Vocabulary teaching is an important part in teaching Chinese as a foreign language,and it runs through the whole process of language learning.This paper takes the word "得" as an entry point,analyzes the multiple meanings of the word “De”,and explores some of the words formed by “De”,so as to provide new ideas for teaching foreign Chinese vocabulary,especially the teaching of similar words formed by multiple morphemes.First of all,we compile 60 and 33 words composed of the word “De” from the International Chinese Language Education Standards(2021)and the HSK Standard Course,respectively.Based on the aspects of error of words and textbook layout,I select the five words with the highest error rate,which are “Qude”、 “Huode”、“Dedao”、“Miande”、“Xiande”.Then,we analyze the selected words from three perspectives: semantic,word collocation and linguistic error.We conducted a comparative analysis of their semantic and found that the meanings of “Qude”,“Huode” and “Dedao” overlapped,mainly because they all share the common morpheme “De”.After the comparative analysis of the meaning items,we analyzed the word collocations and colligation of the five words formed by “De”.It turns out that the matching words also overlapped.From the perspective of high frequency collocation data for words formed by “De”,“Qude” and “Huode” are mostly collocated with noun words,while “Dedao” is mostly collocated with verb words,and when the word “Dedao” is used with a noun,it is usually preceded by words such as "Yige","Yidian","Yixie",etc.Then we analyzed the error of the words with the word “De” and found that the most frequent type of errors was misrepresentation,followed by addition and omission.In term of materials,“Miande” is likely misplaced by “Bimian”;“Xiande” is prone to be misplaced “Mingxian”.Finally,based on the analysis of semantic,word collocation and error of words formed by “De”,we bring up some teaching suggestions of teaching materials of HSK Standard Course,teacher teaching techniques and design a teaching programme.In terms of teaching materials,the selection of vocabulary should be appropriate to the actual situation,and the interpretation of words should avoid simple piling up and combining words with similar meanings as much as possible.As for teachers’ teaching,they should avoid simplistic teaching,pay attention to the integration of related contents and the comparative studies between Chinese and foreign languages.