The Relationship Between Parenting Stress At School-age And Children’s Psychological Quality Under "Double Reduction Policy"

The stress of parenting at school-age has always been a hot social topic in the Chinese background,and it has also been a topic of increasing attention by researchers and “The double Reduction Policy ”.Parenting stress not only leads to more negative problems such as parent’s depression,insomnia,and irritable behavior,but also leads to more negative parenting behaviors,which leads to a serious impact on family harmony and children’s physical and mental health.However,most of the studies on parenting pressure used PSI-SF Chinese version to directly test Chinese groups in past studies,which was proved to be not fit to Chinese parents.Second,past studies on parenting stress at school age were basically cross-sectional,and the trajectory of changing and internal differences of parenting stress are not yet clarified.Moreover,more past studies focused on the influencing factors of parenting stress itself,but ignoring the impact of parenting stress on children’s physical and mental development.All of the above problems need further exploration.Combining two analytical ideas based on variables and based on individuals,this paper consisted of three studies.Study 1 developed a parenting stress measurement tool for China parents at school-age.Second,the unconditional latent growth model was constructed to investigate the trajectory of four stress types over three times.Subsequently,the model about the influence of parent’s gender on the trajectory was constructed.At end,the latent profile analysis was used to explore the type of parenting pressure at the three time points;then,the latent category transformation analysis was used to investigate whether the type of parenting stress was changed between the two time points;multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of the changing of type of parenting pressure on children’s psychological quality.This study one,through parents for interviews and qualitative analysis,and the interview result for nationwide 521 parents collect initial version of parenting stress questionnaire,and 511 parents were obtained by revising the school-age parenting stress questionnaire.Study two through the way of cluster sampling,included parenting stress questionnaire at school-age for 655 elementary school parents in Hubei province three tracks(every 3 months).Studies three used primary school students psychological quality scale,an children of 655 bright into the parents stress of the data.The main results were as follows:The four dimensions of self-designed parenting stress questionnaire are: health and safety stress,training and development stress,parenting difficulties,parent-child interaction disorder.The indicators show that the factors of the questionnaire have high internal consistency,and the model fits well,which proves that the scale has good structure,reliability and validity,and is suitable for the measurement of school-age parents under the Chinese background.Parenting of four dimensions were a trend of decline over time,the gender to influence significantly on the initial levels of parenting stress,but the four dimensions of defense speed there had no difference of gender.On two time points,there were "low stress","Medium and high culturing pressure" and "Medium and low culturing stress","high stress" four types of stress in parent’s parenting stress.Most types of parenting stress between two time points would change over time.Compared with low stress stability of the type,low stress to high stress’ s type were more likely to produce adverse effect on children’s psychological quality.The rest of the changing in the type also can produce relatively adverse effect for children’s psychological quality.In this study,interviews and questionnaires were used to obtain the structure of parenting stress under the Chinese cultural background,and we found the unique training and development pressure in Chinese parenting.Based on the variable perspective and individual perspective,this paper discussed the cross-time influence of the changes and categories of parental parenting stress under The Double Reduction Policy,which verified and deepened the connotation of stress control theory.It enriches the research on the relationship between parenting stress and children’s psychological quality in Chinese culture.In addition,this study also provided a theoretical basis for the follow-up of The Double Reduction Policy,and an important theoretical reference for school and family education practice.