Studying On The Collectivity Technology Of The Tri-linear CCD Mapping Camera

This thesis emphasises on discussing the collectivety technology of the tri-linear CCD mapping camera. From the view of engineering, it analysises the qualification of camera, qualification of optical system, the characteristic of optical-mechanical unit, the element of electronic unit, the dynamic property of camera's structrue, the heat control of camera etc.From the view of spaceflight mapping, this thesis discussed the developing status and he characteristic of tri-linear CCD mapping camera in detail. Because of the merits such as small size, light weight and less power cost, the tri-linear ccd mapping camera has, step by step, become the main sensor for photography surveying of out-terra celestial body. The transmission type photography mapping system, which can be developed continuingly, utilizing the tri-linear ccd mapping camera, is the developing direction of spaceflight mapping in the future.The thesis has expatiated in detail on the main imaging theory of the tri-linear CCD camera. As a result of moving photographing, the images achieved by the tri-linear CCD camera had all sorts of distortion produced by attitude variety or other factor. Especially, because the interior imaging geometry relations differing from the normal spaceflight photography camera, leading quite a difference in imaging theory between the two types of cameras. So the theory of photography mapping and the image processing technology differs very much from the traditional framing photography. For this reason, the ground image processing of tri-linear CCD camera is very pivotal.This thesis introduced the general technology of the tri-linear ccd solid mapping camera, mostly including deciding of the main technique index and index of optical system, type selecting of optical lenses, designing foundation and features of optical mechanical structure, constitution of electrical system and the interface to man-made satellite, kinetics feature of camera structure, thermal controling etc. The tri-linear solid mapping ccd camera imaging through sweeping of the three linear ccd, so with the quite strict geometry performance must be provied to keep the conjugate relation between object and image, namely the relation of center projection between object plane and image plane must be strictly kept. But the existing of all kinds of error in the camera would bring not needed image motion, which could even destroy the center projection relation between object and image.The emphases of the thesis were particularl analyzing, distributing and of all kinds of errors. Based on the method of complete differential estimating the error of tri-linear solid mapping camera, utilizing a new calculation method --- Monte Carlor method (namely the statistics testing method), to process the synthesizing of all errors. Owing to the rapidly development of computor technology, it's possible that error synthesizing using Monte Carlor method. And it has many merits, especially that it can synthesize all errors in different probability density distribution in a better way. Firstly we deduced the photography equation using MATLAB, and then aiming at feature of every error, decided the probability density distribution of each error, and lastly calculated the total error using Monte Carlor method. At the same time, using angle-surveying method, the thesis studied the calibration method of the inner azimuth elements of the tri-linear solid mapping CCD camera. In laboratory, utilizing high precision two-axis turning platform and long focal length parallel light tube, we calibrated the tri-linear CCD camera. The result of image processing showed the correctness of the calibration data, it had reached the request for using of the camera.To validate the performance and the feature of technology of the tri-linear solid mapping CCD camera, we carried out the ground test, including ground sweeping imaging test, aero imaging test. Based on the strict laboratory verifying of the inner azimuth elements and optical mechanical features of the tri-linear solid mapping camera, we carried out the field ground imaging test and aerial flight imaging test, and attained good image of tri-linear CCD camera. Through these test, we validated the imaging and mapping theory of tri-linear CCD camera, and testified the correctness of the design and calibration of the camera. At the same time, corresponding to the application situation of little satellite, we performed the vacuum-imaging test of optical lens to validate the feasibility of assembling and adjusting of the optical system with revise lenses on the ground.