Orbital Effect In The Gravitational Field And Quantum Tunneling Effect Of The Black Hole

Einstein's general relativity was known as the classical theory with more gravitational effects of the general relativity continuously proved by experimental observation facts. At the same time, more gravitational effects are observed and proved with the development of the science and the technology. The orbital effect in the gravitational field is one of them, the limiting case, the photon orbital effect the deflection of light lay in the gravitational field, which is one of the four classical experimental verifications of the general relativity.First, using an elegant mathematical method we calculate the orbital effects in the gravitational field of the centre with electric charge and a global monopole. Analyzing the results, we obtain that the orbital precession effect increases on account of the global symmetry breaking, but the orbital precession effect aroused by the electric charge of the field source reduces the orbital precession effect aroused by the mass of the field source. We generalize the effect in the Schwarzschild field, and obtain the celestial body orbital effect by discussing the parameters of it, which provides a feasible experi-mental verification of the general relativity. Then, we calculate the orbital effect of photon in the general stationary spacetime created by the spinning mass with electric charge and a large number of mag-netic monopoles. By analyzing the result we find that the deflection effect caused by the electric charge and magnetic charge decreases the deflection effect caused by the mass of the field source, but the deflection effect caused by the spinning of the field source depends on the angle between the spinning direction of the field source mass and the direction of photon motion. We obtain a series of interesting results by discussing the parameters of the celestial body.Second, we introduce the basic thermal nature of the black hole, then used the Bogoliubov method and the Damour-Ruffini(D-R) method, and proved that the black holes have thermal radiation—Hawking radiation. We study the quantum tunneling effect of the black hole, namely regarding Hawking radiation as a tunneling pro-cess across the horizon through a short and direct derivation then ob-tain the expression of the tunneling rate. We use the Keski-Vakkuri, Kraus and Wilczek(KKW) analysis to calculate the temperature and entropy of the black hole surrounded by Quintessence and obtain the temperature and entropy are different from the Hawking tempera-ture and the Bekinstein-Hawking entropy. The result we get can offer a possible mechanism to deal with the information loss paradox because the spectrum is not purely thermal.Finally, we use non-WKB approximation Hamilton-Jacobi method which was developed by Benerjee and Majhi. And calculate the tem-perature and entropy of the black hole surrounded by Quintessence, i.e. the corrected temperature and entropy.