| The study of composite electromagnetic scattering from target and rough surface combined model has wide applications in radar target identification and microwave remote sensing. Therefore, simulation of scattering characteristics from the target under the rough surface environment is of great value in both theory study and practical applications. The scattering from the large size target and rough surface composite model for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems is investigated in this paper. For two-dimensional problem, based on the MOM,the multilevel UV (MLUV) matrix decomposition technique is combined with sparse matrix canonical grid (SMCG) method to implement the fast computation of impedance matrix elements and the iterative solution of matrix equation. While for three-dimensional vector wave scattering problems, an EM-interaction-based sampling algorithm is developed to overcome the difficulties brought by the oscillation of the interaction matrix elements which invalidate the conventional UV decomposition technique. The numerical simulation includes the composite radar cross section (RCS) evaluation and the radar wide-band imaging of the target and rough surface model; the complex electromagnetic mutual interactions between the target and the rough surface are analyzed in details and the hybrid method proposed in this paper is verified through the numerical examples.The main content of this paper includes the following parts:1. The hybrid MLUV-SMCG-FSIA method is proposed for the composite electromagnetic scattering from the 2-D target and rough surface combined model. The bistatic radar cross section (Bi-RCS) of the cylinder and the square cylinder above the P-M rough sea surface is numerically simulated and the composite scattering from different size targets above rough surface under different incident wave polarization is compared and analyzed.2. The 3-D multilevel UV method (3DMLUV) is proposed for the vector wave scattering from PEC target and rough surface composite model. The Bi-RCS of a cube and a sphere above the random rough surface and a simple 3-D ship on the rough surface is numerically simulated and compared with target and the planar surface model case. The influence from the roughness of the underlying surface to the scattering is discussed.3. The 3DMLUV-FIA method is proposed for the vector wave scattering from the 3-D PEC or dielectric target and dielectric rough surface composite model. The Bi-RCS of single dielectric target, single dielectric rough surface and volume/area combined scattering is numerically simulated. The characteristics of 3DMLUV-FIA method in stability, accuracy and efficiency are demonstrated by comparing with the full method of moment (MOM) and other fast algorithms.
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