Polluting Behavior Of The Solid Wastes To The Three Gorges Reservoir And The Technology Strategies For The Solid Wastes Treatment

The notable Three Gorges Reservoir project is being completed, and it will function as an electricity-generating plant. The Reservoir more than 600 km long, which has an area of 1084 km2, will become one of the most important water resources in China. This particular project at the turn of the new century has two important functions. These are transferring electricity in Western China to Eastern China and also transferring water resources in Southern China to Northern China. The Three Gorges reservoir is definitely one vital project to make China's development sustainable. However, once the dam is completed, environmental carrying capacity of the water in the Changjiang River of the segment of Chongqing will be lowered and ecological function will be weakened, because this Changjiang River segment will become a gigantic man-made reservoir from a natural river. So, water pollution treatment and water quality protection will be urgent. Water quality in the reservoir should be protected so that the project building and operation can work normally. If the solid wastes piled along the Changjiang River are left in the Reservoir, at first the water-route will be blocked in a sense, then the water quality and also the area of water body will decrease, severely affecting the living environment of aquicolous organisms. In principle, the composition of municipal solid wastes is complicated. It is affected by climate, style of living, energy structure and so on. Also the composition and output of the solid wastes in one region are different from those of the solid wastes in another region, with a fairly large varying range.The landfill plants of municipal solid wastes in the Three Gorges region have two special characteristics, which are very different from those of the solid wastes in other regions. First, during floods of every year, major plants will be washed out and submerged, and after floods, deposited layers will be formed. Therefore, in the solid wastes plants there usually are special anaerobic surroundings, which are caused by the deposited layers. Second, the moisture contents in the solid wastes are more than those in the northern region of china, because there is a heaver precipitation in the three gorges region.The paper focuses on the effects of solid wastes in the Three Gorges region on the water quality of Changjiang River and evaluation and choosing of the cleaning and treatment plans. First, the paper analyzes the current status and the sources of solidwastes in the Three Gorges region. Through detailed live, societal and environmental investigations, the quantity, variety and characteristics of the solid wastes in the Three Gorges region have been obtained. What's more, several typical solid wastes plants along the river have been sampled. The parameters of composition, heating value, leachate, organic mater contents, heavy metals, the contents of N, P, and K, moisture contents in the solid wastes with different piling ages and under the different conditions have been tested and analyzed. Secondly, the stability of solid wastes in the Three Gorges submerging zones has been studied through the experiments of dynamic and static washing out under water. Thirdly, an index system, which includes such parameters as appearance, organic matter, maximum biogas output, concentration of leachate and piling time, is established to evaluate the stability of the solid wastes. Thus, one sub-conclusion is drawn: municipal solid wastes have such stability characteristics as that the wastes with a less that 3 years piling time are not stable, that those wastes with a piling time from 3 to 5 years are relatively stable, that those wastes with a piling time from 5 to 10 years are more stable, and that those wastes with a piling time more10 years have basically reached a finally stable state. Therefore, 36% finally stable, 28.7% with a better stability and 35.3% relatively stable and non-stable, can be obtained. In addition, based on the above a study involving leaching, enlargement and degradation of pollut...