Study On Experimentation And Theory Of Detonation And Safety For Composition Explosives

The main content of this dissertation is as follows:The AN is modified by KF where in the crystal transition temperature of the modified AN is higher than 95 C, but the hygroscopicity and the anti-caking can not be improved. When AN is modified by surfactants the hygroscopicity and the anti-caking ability can be improved. The effect of cation surfactant is better than that of anion, the effect of composite surfactant is the best. When AN is modified by composite surfactants the expanded AN is sensitive to initiation and can replace TNT in the composition of AN explosives.The detonation velocity and detonation pressure of rock expanded AN, colliery expanded AN, No.2 rock and emulsion explosives have been measured by PMMA method, and the detonation parameters and the equilibrium composition of detonation products at C-J state of rock expanded AN and No.2 rock explosives have been computed by means of the VLWR code, the calculated results were compared with experimental results. The detonation front of bottom for 100 100mm rock expanded AN , colliery expanded AN , No.2 rock and emulsion explosives have been measured by wave test method, and the simulate function of wave has been obtained by processing Detonation front of Bottom. This is showed that the above mentioned industry explosives have nonideal detonation character of low detonation velocity and low detonation pressure.The detonation velocity and detonation pressure of aluminized explosive have been measured by PMMA method, and the influence of Al reaction degree on detonation parameters of aluminized explosive has been computed by means of the VLWR code. The results showed that the detonation velocity , detonation pressure and detonation temperature of aluminized explosive increase while increasing the Al reaction degree inside C-J.The thermal decompositions of TATB and it's impurities are investigated by ARC. The curves of thermal decomposition temperature and pressure versus time, and curves of self-thermal velocity versus temperature for the systems are obtained. The kinetic parameters such as apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the thermal decompositions of TATB are calculated. The TG curves of TATB and it's impurities are given in this paper. The thermal decomposition activation energy and pre-exponential factor of TATB and it's impurities are calculated by Ozawa method. The reaction mechanism and kinetics equation of the thermal decomposition are studied.The influence of TATB on the thermal sensitivity of HMX are studied and the thermal safety of polymer bonded HMX/TATB are evaluated by using critical temperature of thermal explosion measured at 1000s duration time, unconfined and confined thermal explosion experiments for explosive cylinder. The results showed that the critical temperature of unconfined thermal explosion for explosive cylinder increase while increasing the content of TATB, and the smaller size of the cylinder, the phenomena is more obvious. In the confined system, because the explosive cylinder in the Al case. It is easier to reach the thermal explosion critical condition than unconfined system, this decreases the thermal explosion critical temperature.The safety of explosives is evaluated comprehensively by multifold sensitivity test method. The overall results of sensitivity and safety of explosives is characterized by addition and product of relevant data obtained in various tests. The sensitivity of JB-9001 , TNT, TH4748, JOB-9003, RHT-901 and JO-9159 are classified using fuzzy mathematics, sensitivity and safety of explosive are evaluated by comparing nearness of tested explosive with standard explosive.