| The implementation of"Olympic Economy"arose plenty of investment demand. According to the research report of Beijing Municipal Statistic Bureau, from 2002 to 2007, the direct investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will amount to 134.858 billion RMB Yuan, and the indirect investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will amount to 143.830 RMB Yuan, so the total investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will amount to 278.688 RMB Yuan. Because investment has the inter-industry effect and can promote the consumption, the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will make important impacts on Beijing's economic development. At the same time, the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will make great impacts not only on the production of Beijing's production sectors but also the pollution emission and abatement of these production sectors. In addition, the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games includes lots of expenditure for environment protection which will also bring important impacts on the pollution emission and abatement in Beijing. The detail descriptions of above impacts is as follows: the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on Beijing's macroeconomic performance; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on the output level and the price level of production sectors of Beijing; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on the labor demand of every production sectors of Beijing; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on Beijing's imports from Rest of the World (ROW) or other provinces of China and Beijing's exports to ROW or other provinces of China; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on Beijing's household welfare; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on total pollutants (smog dust, wastewater and solid waste) abatement amount, abatement price, total pollution generation amount and total pollution emission amount of Beijing; the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on the abatement costs of the production sectors in Beijing, etc.Based on the theoretical analysis of environmental economics, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model which is suitable for the environmental economics analysis on the national of local investment plan has been developed in this dissertation, and this model has been used to analyze the environmental and economic impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games. This model can analyze quantitatively the environmental and economic impacts of not only the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games but also other similar national or local important investment plan. Therefore, the research of this dissertation has definite realistic significance.China is being in the period of rapid economic growth as well as high environmental pressure. The link between environmental system and economic system is becoming more and more tight whereas their conflict is also becoming more and more severe. Environmental policies will make important impacts on the behaviors of economic agents and the operation of economic system, and economic policies will also bring positive or negative effects on the environmental system. CGE model as one of powerful tools in economics brings the quantitative linkage of all parts in an economy into its analytic framework and is suitable for the policy simulation and economic structure analysis. If we add some environmental factors in a CGE model, we can analyze the interactional relation of environmental system and economic system quantitatively by using this CGE model, which has been applied more and more broadly in the environmental economics research fields of western developed countries. In China, the application of CGE model is still in the beginning stage, and there is only very few application in the environmental economics research fields. The research of this dissertation has important theory value for promoting the application of CGE model in domestic environmental economic research. The theory, method and model of this research will have great application perspectives in the field of environmental economics systematic analysis, and can be used for environmental policy analysis and integrated impact evaluation of environmental and economic impact.There are 6 chapters in this dissertation:Chapter 1 is introduction. In this chapter, the background of this research has been described firstly, then brings forward the research objects and explains the realistic significance and the academic value of this research, and then summarizes those researches about the Olympic Games'impacts, and chooses the methodology employed in this dissertation.Chapter 2 is the literature reviews about CGE model. In this chapter, the theory, features, advantages, shortages and application status quo of CGE models has been given an brief introduction firstly, then elaborates the application fields of CGE model in environmental economics research, and then expatiate the idea about how to integrate environmental behaviors into the general equilibrium framework. In the end of this chapter, an outlook about the application of CGE model in environmental economics has been given.In chapter 3, a dynamic Regional Environmental and Economic Computable General Equilibrium model (REECGE) which integrates environmental behaviors into the general equilibrium framework has been made, and the structure and dynamic mechanism of REECGE model has been described in detail. Using REECGE model, we can analyze the environmental and economic impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on Beijing quantitatively.Chapter 4 elaborates the framework of an environmentally extended social accounting matrix (SAM) which serves as a consistent equilibrium data set for parameter calibration of REECGE model. This chapter also deals with the data requirements of REECGE model, the calibration of model's endogenous parameters, the calculation and estimation of model's exogenous parameters, and the solution approaches of REECGE model.Chapter 5 reports the analysis results of REECGE model. This chapter is devoted to analyzing the environmental and economic impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on Beijing quantitatively. In this chapter, the business-as-usual (BAU) investment scenario as benchmark and the investment scenario for the 2008 Olympic Games have been developed firstly, and the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games has been classified as the direst investment for the 2008 Olympic Games and the total investment for the 2008 Olympic Games, then the economic impacts and the environmental impacts of the direst investment for the 2008 Olympic Games and the total investment for the 2008 Olympic Games have been given detailed analysis respectively. The economic impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games have been divided into the macroeconomic impacts and the sectoral economic impacts, and the two kinds of impacts have been elaborated respectively in this dissertation. In the end of this chapter, sensitivity analysis of the parameters in REECGE model has been made.Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes the main conclusions of this dissertation and points out some suggestions for further research. REECGE model is a dynamic regional CGE model that integrates the environmental behaviors into general equilibrium framework.Considering the different purposes of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games, REECGE model assumes there are 9 production sectors (Agriculture; Industry; Construction; Electricity; Steam, Hot Water Production and Supply; Gas Production and Supply; Transport; Posts and Telecommunications; Health, Sports and Social Welfare; Social Services) and a representative household in the economy, and each production sector produce a single representative product (or service). REECGE model also assumes there are 3 types of pollutants (smog dust, wastewater and solid waste) generated from production and consumption processes and 3 pollution abatement sectors, each of which treats only one type of pollution. In REECGE model, pollution abatement services are assumed to be intermediate inputs that purchased by the production sectors under environmental law or regulations. Government and households have no demand for pollution abatement services, but government makes the payment for pollution abatement services by giving subsidy to the production sectors, and the household make the payment to pollution abatement services by pay the charges for disposing domestic pollutants to the government. The production sectors and the pollution abatement sectors in REECGE model all need intermediate inputs and two primary factors: labor and capital. The agents in REECGE model include enterprises, household and government. REECGE model is a single-regional, recursive dynamic CGE model.There are 7 equation blocks in REECGE model: production block, trade block, income and expenditure block, investment block, pollution abatement block, equilibrium and closure block, welfare block. There are 402 equations and endogenous variables, 71 exogenous variables and 741 parameters in REECGE model. With exogenous investment, REECGE model consists of a within-period model and an inter-temporal model: the within-period model determines static equilibrium, using the interdependent economic behavior of agents derived from their objectives and constraints; the inter-temporal model accounts for the inter-period variations that drive the model dynamically, main refer to the investment equations and capital stock equations.When the structure of REECGE model has been determined, a SAM that includes not only traditional economic accounts but also environmental accounts has been made on the basis of data collection and rational assumption, and many challenges have been overcame during this period.The first contribution of this dissertation in the methodology is that its development of a dynamic regional CGE model that include pollution abatement sectors based on the idea about how to integrate environmental behaviors into the general equilibrium framework.The second contribution of this dissertation in the methodology is that its presentation of an environmentally extended regional social accounting matrix (SAM) that include pollution abatement account and pollution effluent fees account. At the same time, the effluent and abatement of domestic pollutants also have been accounted into its analysis framework.The third contribution of this dissertation in the methodology is that its analysis on the impacts of the change of investment as a quantity signal, which differs from the CGE model usually being used to analyze the impact of the change of price signals such as tax; and its analysis on the environmental and economic impacts of the investment plan of important social events such as Olympic Games using CGE model.According to the simulation results of REECGE model, the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will promote Beijing's economic development positively. From 2002 to 2007, the real GDP, labor demands, household welfare and sectoral outputs of Beijing will increase obviously as a result of the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games; at the same time, the output price, imports from and exports to the Rest of the World (ROW) or other provinces of China have different variation tendency in different sectors of Beijing as a result of the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games, and some sectors will increase whereas other sectors will decrease.In addition, the simulation results of REECGE model reveals that the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games will also lead to the increase of pollutants abatement amount in Beijing obviously, and the total investment for the 2008 Olympic Games (opposite to the direct investment for the 2008 Olympic Games and including the environment protection investment) will lead to the decrease of the cost and the price of pollution abatement service in Beijing, which is benefit to Beijing's pollution control.According to the results of sensitivity analysis, the impacts of the investment for the 2008 Olympic Games on the macro-economic indicators are not sensitive to those substitution elasticities in REECGE model, and the variation of these substitution elasticities has also hardly impacts on the simulation results of environmental indicators in REECGE model.
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