Synthesis Of Inorganic Hierarchical And Hollow Micro-/nanostructures By Coordination Chemistry Principle And Their Properties

The goal of this dissertation is to explore the controllable synthesis of inorganic hierarchical and hollow micro-/nanostructures in solution phase by applying a simple coordination chemistry principle, developing the effective methodology to control both the phase and morphology of the final products. Moreover, the corresponding structure-dependent properties of the as-obtained inorganic hierarchical and hollow micro-/nanostructures were also investigated in this dissertation. The details are summarized briefly as follows:1. By selecting dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent, a sulfur source, and a reducing agent for the first time, we successfully synthesized hierarchical double-fold snowflake copper sulfide (Cu₂S) microstructure, realized both the desired phase and morphology of the final product. Here, the methanethiol decomposed from dimethyl sulfoxide as a capping agent played an important role in the final Cu₂S hierarchical structure. The microstructure of the product can be adjusted by varying different reaction parameters (such as temperature, concentration of the reactant etc.).2. We first put forward a ligand family of macrocycle polyamine to assist the construction of elegant inorganic microstructures. As an example, water-soluble macrocycle polyamine hexamethyl-1, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4, 11-diene (CT) has been successfully applied for the synthesis of flowerlike patterns of NiS,β-Ni(OH)₂ and radiated spherulitic nanorods, core-shell and hollow spheres ofγ-Mn₃O₄ hierarchical structure, and the formation mechanism was studied.3. We developed the method of in situ formed gas-bubble templates to construct hollow structures of inorganic materials. A facile one-step surfactant-free route, based on a twice-gas-bubble template model was applied to produce double-shelled ferrihydrite hollow spheres with tunable aperture taking advantage of the dissociation and hydrolyzation of the two kinds of ligands in the sodium nitroprusside (SNP) precursor. More importantly, we offered the first opportunity to investigate the application of ferrihydrite to ethanol in gas sensing.4. We put forward a smart complex precursor method by utilizing different kinds of removing mode of ligands in complex precursor to construct inorganic composite hollow structure.α-Fe₂O₃ mesoporous hollow spheres on a large scale were generated by utilizing different removing mode of oxalate ligands in ferric potassium oxalate, and the gas sensitivity toward formaldehyde and ethanol as well as lithium ion battery performance of as-obtained product were investigated.