The Study On Development Of Synthetic Dyes Producting And Dyeing Technology In Mondern Times In China

Natural dyes had been used before synthetic dyes were invented. William Henry Perkin invented synthetic dyes in 1856, thus starting the production and application of synthetic dyes. With about 150 years gone by, dye industry and printing and dyeing industry have undergone rapid development with the dedication of dye specialists, and have become an necessary part of human daily life and occupied an important part in industrial field as well. Such advantages of synthetic dyes as industrialized production and color fastness have expelled natural dyes from markets. While with more understanding of the application and study of synthetic dyes, such problems as toxicity and almost exhausted source of raw materials of synthetic dyes have arisen. Synthetic dyes have developed at lest as fast as other industries in spite of the relatively short utilizing period. However, systematic study has not yet been done on the historical course of the production and application of synthetic dyes.This dissertation has done relatively extensive collection and study of first-hand material, and after careful study of documents , contrast analysis and case study it puts forward the development of the application, production of synthetic dyes , dying technology, dying industry etc. in modern China. It mainly includes:1. The paper has studied on the concepts and theories concerning synthetic dyes in the modern times. Before synthetic dyes were invented in 1856, theories about them had been explored with some findings. After they were applied, theories on them aroused more attention from the scientific field, and dyeing specialists home and abroad did comprehensive research on them, thus contributed to the development of dyeing industry and application. The paper explores the research on these done in the modern times, mainly including differences and similarities between dyes and pigments applied in the modern times, evolution of the definition of synthetic dyes, the naming and classification of dyes and dyeing mechanism etc. We have also learned about the study level, knowledge level and study achievement of synthetic dyeing theories in the modern times.2. Systematic study has been done on the application of synthetic dyes in the modern times. Dyes were used relatively early in China, while synthetic dyes were invented abroad. The paper explores knowledge accumulation of organic chemistry development affecting dye synthesis before the invention of synthetic dyes, and social background in which synthetic dyes were invented. It covers the process of how William Henry Perkin, as the founder, invented synthetic dyes and makes a schedule of inventions of synthetic dyes. After textual research it puts forward for the first time the specific time when synthetic dyes were first introduced to China and viewpoints about some relative questions. The time when we started to use synthetic dyes doesn't lag far behind the West, but they were mainly imported duo to poor industrial industry. The paper has done the survey of import trade of synthetic dyes in modern times, thus revealing the picture of trading synthetic dyes in the modern times.3. The paper has done systematic research on the rise and development of modern dyeing industry. Dye production industry undergone some development in modern times although production of synthetic dyes were lagged. It includes preparation of synthetic dyes in modern China and case study of the production technology, mainly of the synthetic technology; the historical background and historical process of the spout, development, depression, revival and expansion of synthetic dye production in China; analysis of modern dye production technological techniques and the application of common chemical reactions to the industry and the summary of technological conditions and production characteristics in the modern dye plants through case study of modern dye plants.4. This paper has done exploration on some problems concerning synthetic dyeing technology in the modern times. There is one chapter dedicated to the common problems of synthetic dyeing technology, because synthetic dyes and natural ones have different dyeing technology and different dyeing features, although with some same or similar basic problems. The paper has studies the problems listed, mainly including basic synthetic dyeing methods in the modern times, dyeing substance, dyeing technological procedure and dyeing theories, and puts forward dissolubility between dyes and fibers.5. The paper has studied several synthetic dyes and modem dyeing technology respectively. There are a variety of synthetic dyes, which have different dyeing methods and mechanism. The paper analyzes and systemizes sulfurated dyes, direct dyes, acid dyes, oxidated dyes and deoxidizing dyes etc.6. The paper has also done some research on the development of modern synthetic dyeing industry. Extensive use of synthetic dyes promoted the development of printing and dyeing industries. The research of modem synthetic dyeing industry is mainly on the production organization form of dyeing industry, the improvement of dyeing workshops, and especially on the rising of mechanical dyeing industry in modern China and the establishment and development of dyeing industry in different places. It puts forward regional distribution, scale, technological characteristics and developing sequence of modern dyeing industry and researches on machines and equipment conditions of modern dyeing industry.In conclusion, the paper has done relatively comprehensive research on the aspects concerning synthetic dyes based on documents, analyzed the related problems and drawn some conclusions of certain value. It also puts forward some viewpoints about the introduction of synthetic dyes to China, thus providing clear and systematic knowledge about modern synthetic dyes, while there is still more to learn and explore with more sufficient data and capability.