Study On The Preparation And Application Of The Films Heeling-ined Nano-particles

Analyzed the present situation of nano materials and nano-films, a series of new preparation methods, which were associated by nano colloid, were invented and researched. Some proprietary methods were obtained and some of them were applied and authorized for patents of invention, which include Manufacture of Films by Electric Field Deposition Method and A method for the Manufacture of Films and A Alterative Used to Nonferrous Metal Melting and its Manufacture Method and Manufacture of high pur High-purity SrCO₃ and so on.1) Separating trend always exist in nano colloid. The diameter of the dispersed phase influences the separating velocity seriously. Normal nano colloids have very small separating velocity. When the diameters of the dispersed phase in nano colloid are very small, the colloid can be metastability in kinetics. Diffusing process will appear when the dispersed phase concentration is not symmetrical in colloid. The centralized nano particles in colloid have the self-diffusing ability. Normally, separating process and diffusing process exist in colloid synchronously and can be balanced each other. The concentration distributing of the dispersed phase in nano colloid can be estimated asc₂/c₁ = e(-4/3Ï€r³(N_Ag)/(RT)(ρ_p-ρ₁)(h₂-h₁)). To control the stability of colloid, the adjusting and controllingof the diameter of the dispersed phase can be the most effective method. Secondary methods include that adjusting the difference between the densities of disperse medium and dispersed phase and adjusting the viscosity of disperse medium and adjusting properties and concentration of the contra-ions in disperse medium and using stabilizersor flocculating agents.2) The instantaneous high-energy effects in microsize can be created by ultrasonicin liquid and can be used to expedite the manufacture process of colloid and advance the quality of the product. The manufacture of colloid using ultrasonic should be an industrial method with advantages such as high quality and high efficiency and low energy consumption and low cost and so on.3) The essential conditions to achieve the electric deposition include that the particles was carrying charges and placed in electric field and can be moved to one direct drove by electric field force. In normal electric deposition, the electric current is close and some electrode reactions will occur and destroy the deposition process and the quality of the deposited film. Lower deposition voltage can weaken some of the harms but decrease the deposition velocity badly.4) A new method for the manufacture of nano-film, which was called electric field deposition, was invented and investigated to avoid the harmful electrode reactions such as gas evolving, electrolysis and plating which disturb the deposition process and deposited film in manufacture of nano-films by normal electric deposition. The electric field deposition equipment was designed, in which the soleplate and the deposited film will not form a close current loop with the deposition electrocircuit. The new method was applied to deposit the CdS film. Smooth and compact films composed with particles, which diameter was a little more than 30nm, were manufactured. It was shown that the new method has some benefits such as high-grade nano-films can be obtained and no expensive electrode materials are needed. The new method can also be associated with electro plating or chemical plating to obtain composite deposite, in which, the content and distributing of the particles may be controlled easily.5) Another new method for the manufacture of nano-film, in which the advantages of heeling-in and intercalation are congregated, was invented and investigated to make large mass nano films with low cost and high efficiency.6) A new modifier for the non-ferrous metal and its manufacture method were invented and investigated, in which the compounds including modifier elements were made as nano particles multi-layer films by the technics which include the preparation of the solution or colloid of the compound with alterative elements and the deconcentration / heeling-in - isolation and post treatment and so on.7) The manufacture and application technologies of the modifier with SrCl₂ and SrO nano particles multi-layer films, which was called nano Sr-Compound modifier, were investigated theoretically and experimentally. It was shown that:The nano Sr-Compound modifier can display alterative effects fleetly as the heat and mass transformations between the modifier and molten metal.Compared with the normal Sr-compound modifiers and Sr-alloy modifiers, nano Sr-compound modifier can release nascent state elementary Sr all over the molten metal and offer more chances for the modification of more crystal gains and increase the integrated mechanical properties by very low concentration of Sr in molten metal. The concentration of Sr in ZL101A could as low as be 0.005% which is a new record of low limit of the concentration of Sr in Al-alloy to achieve favorable modification by Sr.Using the new method for the manufacture and application of the nano Sr-Compound modifier, it is possible that Kg rank and KKg rank nano modifier can be manufactured and applied industrially and good technical economy may be obtained.