| Environmental problem is times challenge we are currently facing the most realistic and most pressing. The developed capitalist countries of Europe and the United States are the first to explore the root causes of environmental problems and the strategies of solving methods. Till the 90 years of 20th century, the relevant environmental thinking has matured. Although China has made tremendous achievement during the modernization development by taking the way of leaps and bounds, we also can not bypass the environment disturbance. China is more than ever urgent to appeal the ecological civilization. So drawing on European and American environmental thought with reasonable content for our own use is necessary, while carrying out our own theory building. The purpose of this paper is to analyze environmental thinking of Europe and the United States since 60's of 20th century, and to make evaluation based on the standpoint of Marxist.The perception of philosophy on Europe and the United States environment thinking since 60's of 20th century reflects the transformation process from Traditional anthropocentrism to non-anthropocentrism anthropocentrism, especially ecology-centrism. The core problem is to find the underlying causes of environmental crisis, which is the fracture between man and nature caused by the modernization development. In order to bridge this gap, the prescription that the mainstream non-anthropocentrism gave is to give intrinsic value to Living organisms even worldly things, so as to change the existing values of the human. It can not be denied this philosophy with non-human centered has provided theoretical support for ecological environment protection of the countries from Europe and the United States in some degree. But it also faces the double dilemma from the level of theory and practice. In theory, the factor of human-centrism exist which could not go beyond, and the intrinsic value theory and the logical argument of this core of the concept also lack of strong support. In practice, changes of the value of humanity need a long-term process, which contradict with the urgency of environmental problem-solving. On the other hand, the extent to which humanity can change the style of production and life that long-accumulated still remains doubt. Modern human-centrism established during the continual process of reflection, and started to pay attention to the interest of people as a whole, as well as strive to prove the irreplaceable role of human as the main dynamic subject during the maintenance of ecosystem health. Eco-Marxist's critique to anthropocentric is even more trenchant, which make anthropocentric headed to concrete from abstract. One is to understand the human's dominant position from the perspective of practice, and another one is believe the reconstruction of anthropocentrism must be combined with the change of capitalist system.The solutions of environmental issues that the countries from Europe and the United States have can be divided by the differences between radicalism and reformism. The viewpoint of survival crisis has the dominant position among the environment political discourse before 80's of 20th century, and it's main role rests on that waked up the public's environmental awareness among the people from Europe and United States, as well as promote them turn environmental concerns into the various possible forms of political confrontation. This school gradually withdrew from the stage of history under the firmly rejection of capitalist, because of its strong anti-economic and anti-modernist viewpoint. And reformism eventually be welcomed by bourgeois, and entered the mainstream of political discourse. This reformism particularly becomes "win-win" solution of environmental problems that strong cried up by European countries, and still believed by them until now. In fact, eco-communalism is the collection of many environment genre points of view, which is eco-centrism in the value level, but has intense utopian color in the level of social change. Eco-socialism has been the margin position of environmental politic discourse. But it gradually takes Marxist ideology as code of conduct since 90th of 20 century, and becomes the most specific and most comprehensive as to the critique of capitalism. Anyway, it will be very difficult that the concept of the future society become a reality, if the problems related to theory and practice issue can't be solved.In general, the environmental thought of the European and United States'schools embodies varying degrees of criticism ,there are two kinds of dimension of the modern of postmodern .But this distinction are not absolute. They influence each other in criticism. The environmental thought also promotes to change the attitude of each level and field of European and United States. The protection of the nature has a remarkable significance, but there are also many imitations on one hand, Opposed to the relationship between man and nature restore the relationship between people. But they go to other extreme .They denies the social nature of human .The restore the man to natural man. On the other hand, they cannot be out of fog decided that critics it thoroughly. Expanding reproduction of capitalism makes adjustment and optimization of various systems as a fundamental transformation of the inhibiting factor. It is impossible to reach a broad agreement to overturn the capitalism among the European and American public .Maybe it is based on the consideration of the practical matters, many reformer abandoned violent revolution means turning to the peaceful transition to exploreWith our country's actual situation, the currently use for reference mostly significant is eco-Marxism and eco-Modernization as to Europe and the United States Environmental ideology. Our ecological civilization should adhere to the people-oriented, particularly in people-oriented, and the path of production and the style of life we take should be with the characteristics of socialism, as well as should reflect the social justice in the process of production and distribution. Meanwhile, we should develop the circular economy model with genuine sense, which not only enhance the part of resource recycling and reuse through science and technology, but also cultivate people gradually foster the rational consumer values. Only these two means combined together, we can truly realize the goal of not only has an environmental society, but also to promote human development.
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