| In order to meet the heavy-load and high-speed development of modern machine and the strict demand of environment protection, it is necessary to improve the tribological properties and reduce the environment pollution of lubricants. Under this precondition, the novel rare earth and nitrogen heterocycle-containing double function group additive and four kinds of novel high molecule metal or nonmetal lubrication additives were developed for the first time. Their tribological effects and mechanisms were also researched systemically.The novel rare earth and nitrogen heterocycle-containing double function group additive (CNORE) doesn't only solve the solubility of nitrogen heterocycle-containing additives, but improves the tribological properties of organic rare earth additives markedly. It possesses much virtue, for example, lower addition concentration (0.5% containing possesses excellent tribological properties), convenient synthetic process, lower cost, non-phosphor, and so on.CNORE showed excellent anti-wear and anti-friction effects and good load-carrying capacity. Compared to that of base oil, ZDDP-containing and T321-containing, the wearscar diameter (D294N 30min is 0.28 mm) decreased 56%, 39% and 46% respectively. Thefriction coefficient (f294N is 0.074) reduced 31%, 24% and 26% respectively. Compared to that of base oil, the PB value (745N) increased 3 times.CNORE exhibited excellent anti-wear and anti-friction properties at the wider load range. Under the all experimental load condition (196-549N), the wear scar diameter of CNORE-containing was smaller than that of ZDDP-containing. And the increase along with load was also smaller obviously. Compared to ZDDP, the wear decreased 23% under 196N and 43% under 549N. Under the all experimental load, the friction coefficients were smaller than those of base oil and ZDDP-containing. They decreased 14%~28% and 13%~28% respectively.As CNORE possesses non phosphors, good high temperature stability and anti-emulsification, non-corrosion for copper and excellent anti-wear and anti-friction effects, it shows the favourable advantages and potentials to substitute ZDDP in engine oil and other industrial oil.The AES and XPS spectrums indicated that the compositions of the reaction film formed by CNORE on the worn surface contained rare earth oxides, nitrogen heterocycle compounds, fatty acid, amine, and so on.CNORE was used to develop a new type of complex additives of engine oil. The experiments indicated that its anti-wear properties were as well as the engine oil products and the anti-friction properties were better than those of products.The anti-wear property of hydraulic oil complex additives made by CNORE and other components was as well as that of a patent product, which is a kind of phosphor-nitrogen ashless additives and has substituted overseas name brand products. It was better than that of containing zinc hydraulic oil products obviously. Moreover, the complex additive showed excellent anti-friction property and load-carrying capacity.The new kind of high molecule organo-metal additives (CuPIBS, SnPIBS and MoPIBS)behaved good solubility (no less than 5%), favourable anti-wear properties (D294N 30min was0.46mm, 0.40mm and 0.39mm respectively), load-carrying capacities (PB value was 510N, 510N and 470N respectively) and excellent anti-friction properties (f294N was 0.071, 0.083 and 0.075 respectively) in 26 white oil. The good tribological properties were attributed to the complex reaction films formed by the additives. The films contained organic and inorganic compounds. And the inorganic compositions were oxides metals and metals possibly.There were good tribological synergic effects between the novel organo-molybdenum lubrication additive (MoPIBS) and T321. Compared to that of base oil, ZDDP-containing, T321-containing and MoPIBS-containing, the wear scar diameter of complex additive-containing decreased 41%, 16%, 27% and 3.0% respectively, and the friction coefficient decreased 36%, 30%, 31% and 8.0%. MoPIBS revealed also excellent heat...
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