Study On The Regulation Of Waterway With Rapids In Mountainous Rivers

Based on the review of the literatures, problems related to the regulation of waterway with rapids in mountainous rivers were summarized and outlined. Research methods such as flume experiment, ship model test, mathematic model and theoretical analysis were used in the studies. It can be concluded from this research as follows:(1) The formation conditions of rapids were analyzed, and the variations of velocity and the water level were studied by the generalized flume test. Main factors, flow patterns and navigation-obstructing characteristics of rock rapids were discussed, and a formula to describe coefficient of local resistance was developed. The 3D hydraulic characteristics and the relationships between water surface, velocity distribution in plain and topography of the rapids reach were investigated for the first time.(2) Based on the flume test, the affecting factors and dynamic characteristics of ship sailing upstream were studied. The velocity distribution around the ship was measured, which is very important for further research work.(3) According to the experiment of ship model, calculation methods of ship resistance were compared. A new formula called аЭиванков modification method was developed, which may take account for the influence of shallow and narrow channel, and can be applied in the river reach with reverse slope. Based on the concept of stream power, a new method was suggested to estimate the hydraulic parameter of rapids abating.(4) The regulation principals and the river training methods of rapidswere summarized, which is very important for the rapids regulation.(5) A hydrodynamic model was used to simulate the flow in a bifurcated river reach, and the flow characteristics were analyzed. The result showed the different regulations effect of concave and convex branch.