Study Of Sport Biomechanical Information Acquisition And Evaluation Indicators System For Canoe Events

With the speedy increase in the intensity of international competition, science and technology plays an increasing role in improving the athletics performance. Many researchers have devoted to the research of the sprint canoe event, and numerous theories and methods of Sports Biochemistry and Sports Biomechanics are proposed. However, there is no appropriate instrument for on-water dynamics research work by now. The research works of dynamics are done mostly on the land and the works of kinematics are done on the water - they are separated irrelevantly. As a result, the essential laws of event are not grasped correctly, especially those of dynamics and kinematics.Supported by the Administration Center of Aquatic of National Sport Bureau, the essential laws of canoe event are researched in this paper. A novel instrument was designed and developed to collect the information of dynamics, kinematics and biophysics. Combining with the knowledge and experience of training experts, the test results are analyzed, explained and applied. We believe this work is beneficial to understand the essential laws of canoe events. The main research works of this paper are as follows:According to the characters and demands of the sprint canoe events, a novel type force sensor was designed and developed. The sensor measures the oar force by detecting the tiny deformation of the kayak paddle. The sensor can be fixed on paddle and disassembled easily and rapidly. It makes one sensor be reused between multiple paddles comes true. Now, the on-water measurement systems of the National Canoe Term of China are all equipped with the new sensors. Numerous experiment results have proved the validity and reliability of the oar force sensor.Indicators of dynamics and kinematics are selected after detailed studies on the event-related demands. The instrument for Sports Biomechanics research was developed to collect all those indicators. The information such as the oar force, the power, the stroke rate, the stroke rhythm, the boat velocity, the boat acceleration and the boat pose is detected and recorded simultaneously during the on-water training. The integrated instrument acts as a powerful tool for research works on event-related Sports Biomechanics. Our works has become an important part of scientific research of the National Canoe Term.The inherent relation between the stroke rate and the stroke rhythm is studied, and their influence on boat velocity is considered. We believe that high stroke rate and perfect stroke effects are both important for elite paddlers. Failure at anyone will result lost in competition. Comparing with different athletes, we found that the relativity of the stroke rate and the stroke rhythm is quite slender, which suggests that higher stroke rate does not damage the stroke effects. Elite paddlers should show higher stroke rate, shorter air-work time, and they should increase the proportion of pulling time as much as possible.After profound studies on the information of both national excellent paddlers and international excellent paddlers, several issues of canoe events have been discussed in this dissertation, such as the strength quality, the stroke technique, the power producing, the power protection and so on. The characters of Chinese elite paddlers are analyzed in detail.Combining the information of the competitive velocity structures, the stroke rate modes and the physical quality distribution, the racing characters of K1-500m were studied profoundly. Based on the turning points of the stroke rate-time curve, a novel partition of competitive velocity structure is proposed. The new partition approach accords with the actual change modes of velocity and stroke rate.The common factors are extracted from many indicators of Sports Biochemistry by factor analysis. All those common factors are explained by event-related knowledge and experience. All those indicators of Sports Biochemistry are classified by common factors. According to the rotated component matrix, one or two indicators are selected as the representative indicators of a given common factor. The evaluation indicators system of canoe competitive ability was constructed based on those representative indicators.