Study On Harmonious Transport System Construction

At present, China is at the beginning period of transportationalization with the development model of supply-oriented. While our country is making enormous achievement in transport construction, a lot of problems have arisen such as traffic jam, environment pollution, traffic accidents, unbalanced traffic development, caused by the incongruousness among the key elements, such as people, car, road, and environment, etc. Thus, the inharmoniousnesss comes into being between traffic and people, traffic and society, traffic industries, traffic and nature. This thesis centers around the harmonious transport system construction under the background of our country's harmonious society construction. The research scope is mainly a construction problem of the harmonious road transport system. The research contents include six aspects, Through studying, this thesis tentatively builds up the theory frame of harmonious transport system construction of our country.As to harmonious transport system problems and influence factors, the transport problems of our country are mainly shown as: the increasingly serious urban traffic jam, the appearing of urban traffic accidents and pollution problems, the overall backwardnesss of rural traffic, the unbalance of regional traffic development, etc.. The reasons of the general traffic jam are that: The urbanization level is being accelerated constantly, the demand of city motorization is being released intensively, and the improvement of traffic facilities can not meet the needs of traffic increase. The reasons why traffic accidents and pollution problems appear are: legal system of transport and security consciousness are bad, the traffic planning level in the city is not high, and the city traffic structure is unreasonable. The reasons of the overall backwardnesss of rural traffic are: The rural economy condition is bad, there are little channels for investment and financing of rural transport, and the management system of the rural transport is not perfect. The reasons why regional transport develops unbalancedly are: different regional transport positions and economic level differ greatly, the regional transport development level is out of step, transport policy and management system exist restriction.As to harmonious transport system formation mechanism, from the perspective of political science, sustainable development has been a consensus in the world after the development roads of Hobbes jungle and cowboy economy, etc. Under the guidance of the Charter of Miachu Picchu theory, seeking the way to solve the transportation problem resulted from sharp social changes of our country, and adapting to harmonious social construction and inevitable request for the scientific development view, are the political mechanism of forming the harmonious transport. From the perspective of economics, the transport has double characteristics of public products and quasi-public products, it is the economic mechanism of forming the harmonious transport to strengthen the control over transport competition and impel transport externality towards internality by making use of "coase theorem", avoiding the Tragedy of the Commons and government failure. From the perspective of management, emphasizing collective rationality, eliminating Nash Equilibrium under Prisoner's dilemma of transport, and promoting the realization of cooperative game, are the management mechanism of forming the harmonious transport.As to harmonious transport system double-level interaction evolutionary game model, it is the government—the transport administrator and the transport participant which form cooperative game. The game participants pursue the maximum effectiveness of itself under the control of limited rationality. The transport administrator is in the important position that forms a connecting link who should, from macro-game hierarchy, meet the request of the harmonious society that the government puts forward, promote the sustainable development of transport; meanwhile, from micro-game hierarchy, meet the demands of the persons who go out by motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, coordinate the conflicts between the persons who go out by motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles to reach ESE. It should realize the equilibrium of the double-level interaction evolutionary game model, regulate Duplicative Dynamic effect of transport violators, internalization of transport administrators and the lack of fairness in government distribution of transport resources, strengthen transport legalization, advance transport informationization, and increase the supply of public transport products. As to harmonious transport system development mode selection, the public transport has priority to be a harmonious transport system mode selection. The value orientation of the public transport is sharing fairly. The development goal of the public transport is that the people are satisfied. The preferential development tactics of the public transport include: establishing the systematized public transport planning idea, adopting the public transport policy fostered actively, setting up the management system of coordination, building up "traffic views of masses", establishing the leading role of routine public transport in the public transport system, and developing BRT system properly.As to the routes where the harmonious transport system realizes, the key route of harmonious transport system construction is to implement the people-oriented transport, promote green transport construction, and promote the process of transport integration. To implement the people-first transport, the transport principle which "human rights" is higher than "car right" and "the advantaged in charge of danger" should be established, the traffic view environment should be beautified, the development mode combining TND and TOD should be adopted. The concentrated traffic flow in city brought about by expansion of CSD model should be avoided, and Downs laws aporias should be solved by carrying out TMD. To promote green transport construction, the human-center doctrine in transport should be opposed in order to prevent pseudo- urbanization and over-urbanization, the policy of encouraging economizing-type transport development should be made, vigorously developing "walking or cycling +bus" mode and opposing "P & R". To promote the process of transport integration, the three aspects—comprehensive transportation integration, the city traffic integration, the traffic in urban and rural areas integration should be included, optimizing regional economic layout according to " point-axis " development mode, establishing regional and sub-regional government co-ordination mechanism, and greatly improving and utilizing the ITS techniques as ETC, VICS,etc.As to harmonious transport system Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation, the purpose of the appraisal system is to promote harmony of transport and people, to promote transport to develop with economy and nature in harmony, and to set the striving direction for building the harmonious transport. The principles of confirming the evaluation index include systemic principle, feasible principle, and dynamics principle. The index system includes six first-class indexes which are the transport fairness, the transport legal system, transport efficiency, transport safety, transport environment, transport culture, and seventeen second-class indexes. The appraisal methods include the comprehensive application of SPSS, Factor Analysis Method, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Delphi technique, and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method.