Studies On Determination Of Migration Of Plasticizers Used In Plastic Packaging Of Food By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

ChapterⅠNew Developments and Applications of Mass SpectrometryFirst, in Chapter one, the new developed soft ionization source which is used in tandem mass spectrometer is introduced. Proton-transfer-reaction (PTR) ionization is a high sensitive method for volatile organic compounds. Vacuum ultraviolet lamp ionization source is attractive for portable analytical instrument because of its smallness and simpleness. Desorption electrospray ionization provides better solutions for real-time , on-line and high sensitive analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it can be used in vivo sampling or living tissue surfaces. Atmospheric pressure direct analysis in real time ionization uses metastable atoms or molecules of carrier gas to produce molecular ions for analysis. Applications of these new ionization methods to various problems are also discussed. The progress in MS/MS instruments and miniaturizing instruments is reviewed and perspectives for the development of MS/MS instrument are provided.ChapterⅡProgress and Applications in Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometryLiquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method as a relatively perfect modern analytical technique embodies the superiority of LC and MS, which combines the high separation property of chromatography and the high identification property of MS. With advancements in ionization methods and instrumentation, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has become a powerful technology for the characterization of modern analytical chemistry. In chaper two, the research progress of the interface for liquid chromatography coupling with mass spectrometry and a brief description of the use of hyphenated LC/MS in pharmaceutica, large biomolecules, proteomics, toxic residues of pesticides, environmental pollutants and so on.ChapterⅢDetermination of Plasticizers in the Body of Hericium Caput-Medusae by Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry[Hericium caput-medusae(Bull.:Fr.) Pers] is valuable for being used both as medicine and food. According to literature, [Hericium caput-medusae(Bull.:Fr.) Pers] is rich in nutrients and contains various active substances, of which polysaccharide is widely studied and interested both in China and abroad. Polysaccharides of [Hericium caput-medusae(Bull.:Fr.) Pers] have been isolated from fruit-bodies or mycelium or fermented liquor by many researchers recently. Researches in medicine and pharmacology have proved that polysaccharides of [Hericium caput-medusae(Bull.:Fr.) Pers] have certain therapeutical effects on improving immunity, restraining cancer and senescence, reducing blood sugar, and so on. In this review, the latest development in studying composition, structural analysis, biological activity of polysaccharides isolated from [Hericium caput-medusae(Bull.:Fr.) Pers] and a prospect for the isolating methods were elaborated.In this chapter, a composition extracted from the cultured body of [Hericium caput-medusae (Bull.:Fr.) Pers.] was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Two plasticizers, di-n-octyl o-phthalate(DOP) and di-nobutyl o-phthalate(DBP)were identified by manually mass spectrum analyzing and mass spectra bank matching, which was reported by the author for the first time. Since plastics are not inert, plasticizers might migrate into the cultured mushroom and cause contamination. A simple LC-MS/MS method was established for the determination of 9 plasticizers in cultured edible mushroom due to potential contamination. These results provided enforcement laboratories a very promising systematical control method for checking the food quality and safety. ChapterⅣStudy of migration of plasticizers used in food plastic packaging by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass SpectrometryFood contamination can result from various interactions between food and packaging materials. Packaging itself has recently been found to be a source of contamination through the migration of substances from the packaging into the food. Migration of additives, monomers and oligomers from packaging materials into food or adsorption of volatile compounds from the food by the polymer are important considerations from safety, hygienic and economic points of view. Direct contact between plastic packaging materials and food can result in migration of plasticizers from packaging materials into foodstuffs. Migration of residual printing ink solvents from packaging to food can cause off-flavours in the food and lead to a deterioration in the quality of the food products. Every day we consume foods that have been in contact with many different type of packing materials and regularly ingest hundreds of migrants. Evidence of widespread human exposure to phthalates and toxicological studies have shown that some phthalates are developmental and reproductive toxicants in animals and thus raised both scientific and public concern about the ubiquitous use of phthalates in consumer and personal care products.In our research, some problems arised from plastic packaging are discussed from the food quality and safety point of view. Some new advances in development of migration analysis of plastic food packaging at home and abroad are introduced systematically. The progress in determination of migration of plasticizers of food plastic packaging, and various analytical techniques developed are reviewed briefly. And some problems of safety and hygienic remained in food plastic packaging faced now are discussed.This chapter is the core content of the thesis, in which a method for determination of migration of plasticizers used in food plastic packaging to the foodstuffs by LC-MS/MS has been developed for the first time. The migration of some model contaminants from food plastic packaging was studied by taken into consideration of the influence of storage temperature, storage time, type of food simulant, using GPC coupled with SPE, LC-MS/MS and so on. A simple LC-MS/MS method was established for the determination of 13 plasticizers in food packaging with plastic. The method has shown to have good recovery (71.1%-91.3%) for various samples with different levels of spiking components (0.01-0.10mg/L). The relative standard deviations were shown to be in the range of 2.1%-8.5% for all plasticizers studied. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.002-0.03μg/L.The developed analytical method provided a basis for takeing measures to reduce the risk in making the inspection policy for relative departments. The test method should be applicable for industry with respect to new packaging developments and should also offer enforcement laboratories a systematical control method to check the food safety of plastic packaging taken from the market.