Study On Safety Management Of Building Construction Project Based On Accident Theory

China is one of the countries who have the largest fundamental construction investment in the world at present. The output value of the completed projects in construction industry has been increasing. In 2007, the investment in capital construction was 13.7239 trillion Yuan, and the total output value of construction was 5.001862 trillion Yuan. With the fast development and fruitful achievements in our construction industry, a large amount of safety accidents happen. Over thousands of people died for safety accidents every year and the direct economic losses were more than 10 billion Yuan.The society focuses on how to reduce the construction safety accidents and to ensure the realization of construction safety production. In recent years, the government attached great importance to the safety problems, issued a series of laws and regulations related to safety, and established safety production management system on construction engineering that suits national conditions. The security researchers and managers in the construction safety developed a number of security technology standards, norms and regulations, which made remarkable achievements in the construction security situation. All these works have effectively prevented and controlled the occurrences of the safety accidents. However, compared to developed countries, the safety production situation in our country is still severe in the total amount of accidents and death rate of per ten billion output value, which mainly because safety management of engineering construction in our country is in lower level. Therefore, according to the status quo of construction safety problem, learning from international advanced accident theory, the safety management theory and experience, this paper does the following research work in order to put forward new ideas and method systems for the safety management of construction projects.The building construction project characters and the safety characters of building construction project are analyzed, as well as the theory that explains construction industry safety accidents reasons and safety economic theory. The concepts of safety management and construction safety management are defined, and the relation between building construction safety management and company economic benefits is discussed.In the research of building construction project safety accidents mechanism, the paper analyzes the characteristics of safety accidents happen, the influence factors and reasons that result in safety accidents occurrence. The building construction hazards is dealt with by use of system engineering theory, cause theory, energy accidental release theory and statistics theory, and put forward static and dynamic hazard theory, as well as the point that the control of dynamic hazard is the emphasis of safety control in the construction process. On this basis, the paper analyzes the construction safety accidents from 1990 to 2007, and sum up occurrence disciplinarian of construction safety accidents, and has a symmetrical and comprehensive analysis on the timing discipline and seasons discipline, which provide a theatrical foundation for government institutions at various levels, related government and construction enterprises to prevent and control effectively construction safety accidents.The sorts, reasons and parts of construction safety accidents in China are analyzed by statistics principles aiming at the characteristics of construction industry in Classifying and controlling of safety accidents. Five types of injuries are defined including fall height, collapsed, objects stroked, electric shock and lifting injury. The application of fault tree analysis method in construction project hazard is analyzed. The corresponding fault tree is established for common hazards and structural importance analysis is proposed. The hazard control methods are presented to prevent the accident occurrence.Safety management in building construction project necessarily needs safety input, at the same time, it also generates safety benefits. Departing from safety economic rules, this paper studies safety investment source of construction safety management, establishes safety investment analysis table, and weighs benefit of safety input and output in engineering project by means of two indicators that are safety production fees of per building area and the percentage of safety production fees in building costs of projects.In safety evaluation of the building construction projects, on the basis of defining the meaning of building construction project safety evaluation, the paper constructs the evaluation indicators system and the degree of membership on safety evaluation grade, which can completely reflect the situation of building construction project safety. With the combination of fault tree analysis, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and BP neural network, the author establishes a net model of construction safety evaluation based on BP neural network safety evaluation. The construction safety evaluation for the whole process is processed by MATLAB. The evaluation examples is illustrated finally.