| The major objectives of this study were to investigate the high effective extraction on the combined yield of rosemary essential oil (REO), camosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA), and via further study of the antioxidant capacity of REO, CA and RA to offer reference for more extensive application of rosemary antioxidants. The main results obtained in this paper were as follows:1. A method for simultaneous determination of the contents of CA and RA in rosemary samples using HPLC was established. HiQ ODS C18 column (4.6mm×250mm,5μm) and gradient elution were used with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0ml/min. Sample volume was 10μl. Detection wavelengths were set at 230nm and 330nm. Retention time of RA and CA are 7.9min and 31.5min, respectively. Results Under the chosen condition, RA and CA could be separated from other compounds, and the methods precision, repeatability are up to the requirement through methodology inspection. This method is suitable for the determination of the contents of RA and CA in rosemary samples and extracts simultaneously.2. The results of REO extraction show that the steam distillation is the best method on REO extraction. The optimal distillation time is 1.5h with the REO yield is 1.93ml/100g, and the contents of CA and RA s are 13.45% and 2.51%, respectively in the residual rosemary samples. The pilot test by this method was carried out with 20kg rosemary materials, and the REO were divided into five types by refined treatment. They are the first distillate oil, product oil, residue distillate oil from the crude oil, and extraction oil and second distillation oil from the distilled water. The 31 compounds in rosemary crude oil were identified and the main constituents were terpenoids (94.74%). And 50 compounds in the distilled water from REO extraction were identified, most of which are organic compounds containing O and aromatic compounds. Study on volatile oil content and active ingredients of rosemary will helpful for the further development and utilization of rosemary resources.3. Functional composite oil of squalene with different contents of REO was studied for the first time. Under 60℃, REO and the other antioxidants (VE and BHT) on the oxidation of squalene were studied by determination the index of primary oxidation products and secondary oxidation products, such as peroxide value and TBA. Results showed that the optimum proportion of REO to squalene is 2mg:1g. At the 15th day, the inhibition rate of 2mg/g REO on the peroxide value of squalene was 46.08%; on the malondialdehyde was 42.43; and on the hydroxy increase was 53.66%. REO of this concentration could inhibit the oxidation of squalene efficiently. The content of squalene was 96.81% after 15 days (only 3.18% reduced), which indicated that REO has a strong antioxidant activity. And REO could be considered as a raw material of compound health food.4. The ultrasound-assisted extraction of CA and RA from the raw materials after REO extraction was established, and the optimun extraction parameters were as follows:extraction solvent:brokenness of powder 200 eye,80% EtOH, ratio of solid to liquid is 1:9, ultrasonic power:200W, ultrasonic time:40min. Results Under the chosen condition, the contents of CA and RA were 12.74±0.50% and 1.74±0.07%, respectively. And the extraction yields of CA and RA in dry weight of raw materials were 2.84g/100g and 0.39g/100g, respectively. The total content of CA and RA were investigated throughout the experiment, and the optimized process conditions will achieve an optimum utilization of rosemary materials.5. Antioxidant capacities of CA on pine seed oil with different concentration of carnosic acid were studied for the first time. CA and the artificially synthesized antioxidants on the oxidation of pine seed oil were studied by determination the index of primary oxidation products and secondary oxidation products, such as peroxide value, TBA, conjugated diene value and free fatty acid. Gas chroamatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was conducted to analyze the variation of pine seed oil amount during the storage. And the changes of cis fatty acid (CFA), trans fatty acid (TFA) and aldehyde compounds contents were investigated by FTIR at 60℃over a period of 15 days. Results showed that the relationship of the activities and the content of active constituents in CA indicted positive relevance between the content of carnosic acid and the activities of CA. And the antioxidant capacity of CA was lower than TBHQ, but it was greater than BHA and VE. That is, we could substitute CA for VE and BHA to prevent the lipid oxidation in pine seed oil, even with a low content of carnosic acid.6. The selected formulation of rosmarinic acid effervescent tablets were as follows:Per 100g effervescent tablets has rosemary extract 20g, citric acid 12.41g, sodium bicarbonate 27.59g, starch 17.5g,β-cyclodextrin 17.5g, xylitol 5g. Effervescent tablets according to the formulation have an excellent surface finish and the disintegration time was 2min. Its PH value was stability after dissolved. The antioxidant activity effervescent tablets was well with the SC50 value of scavenging of DPPH radical was 4.338mg/ml. Rosmarinic acid effervescent tablets will have a good prospect by its outstanding advantage of easy to preservation and carrying.
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