Studies On The Distribution,Chassification Of Chinese Yunjie And Intergenus Crossing-compatibility Of Eruca Sativa Mill × Rapeseeds(Brassica)

Yunjie is an agronomy name for Eruca Mill., and including all species of Eruca Mill. in China. There are five species in Eruca Mill. in the world, i.e .E. vesicaria L. ; F. saliva Mill. (F. Iongirosiris Uechtr E. orthosepala(Lange) Lange); F. pinnatifida(Desf. )Pornel. (B. pinnatE/ida Desf); F. Loncholoma (Pomel.) (Brassica /orwholoma Pomel.); F. setulosa Boiss.. They are important oil crops in the drought-regions and half-droght regions in the world, and more and more attentions are paid to them because of their excellent resistance to droght climate, poor soil conditions and diseases.This paper presents the studies on the distribution,classification of chinese Yunjie(Eruca MilL) and intergenus crossing- compatibility of E.sativa Mill >( rapeseed (13 rassica), and the factors which affect the intergenus crossing-compatibility were discussed. Investigations showed that Yunjie(Eruca Mill. ) spreaded widely in China, with longitudes ranging from 760 E to l25 U and latitudes ranging from 31 N to 46 N, and forming a large Yunjie(Eruca Mill )produetion areas. Yunjie mainly distributed in drought and half-drought regions along both sides of Great Wall in northwestern and northern China. Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, northern Shaanxi and Shanxi1 Ba shang of Hebei are the leading provinces(regions) in Eruca Mill. production. All these regions are commonly featured by dry climate and poor soil. The average amount of precipitation generally belows 400mm per year and even less than 100mm in some regions.The poor soil has only organic matter l0.0 15.Og/kg, total nitrogen 1 .Og/kg. available phosphate 5-A Oj.tg/g. The better tolerance to poor enviroment for Yunjie is reguarded related to it's growth tinder a bad growing conditions for a long time. Chinese Yunjie varics widely in the content of oil, glucosinolates and the composition of fatty acid. The oil content is between 22.35% and 40.41%. and glucosinolates is from 33.62 j.tmol/g to 58.80 j.tmol/g. Erucic acid and okic acid are the major fatty acid in Chinese Yunjie, they are 23.98%-34.54% and 22.78%- 29.49/o respectively. All these indicate that there are some good quality resources in chinese Yunjie, such as Shcnchi Yunjie with high oil content(40.4l%)~ .linning Yunjie with midlle-low erucic acid content (24.64%), and Huachi Yunjie with little glucosinolates content (33.62 tmolIg). Acording to Flora. of China. chinese Yunjie(Eruca Mill.) only consists of E. sc-diva Mill. and F. cat/va var. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Post. But it could he grouped into two types by the morphological characteristics in this study, i.e. complete leaf type and pinnately parted leaf type. Hetian Yunjie is the typicality of complete leaf type which is greatly different from E. sat/va Mill. and F c-diva var. erwcarpa (Boiss.) Post.in leaf , flowers and fruits etc. Both of radical leaf and stern leaf of l]etian Yunjie are complete leaf, it's netted nation on petals are green and has hair-freed, quardrangular-like fruits. On the other hand, F. saliva Mill. and E ativa var. eriocarpa(Boiss.) Post. has pinnately parted leaf , purple-brown netted venation and cylindrical-like fruits. Twenty chinese landraces of Yunjie comeing from 9 provinces(or regions) could be grouped into four types by RAPD markers, i.e. first, Hetmn Yunjie: second, Sichuan Yunjie: thirds Huanxian Yunjie, Shizigou Yunjie Xinghe Yunjie and Datong Yunjie; fourth, including all other 14 landraces.The results that HetianYunjie differs greatly from other chin...