Study On Superior Species Selecting And Breeding Technique Of Eucalyptus For Commercial Forest Of Pulpwood

This research project is pan of the key task on the ninth national five-year-plan for special forestry technology, which is "studies on superior species selecting and breeding and cultivating technology of Eucalyptus for pulpwood forest "(number 96-011-01-03). The systematical research was carried out, which dealt with provenance and family test, article crossbreeding, supplementary breeding by molecular genetic makers technique, clonal disease resistance and wind resistance breeding, clonal determining technique and asexual propagating technique for improving national breeding level and reducing the distance with the developing nation of Eucalyptus planting. It was mainly aimed at the research and production situation of Eucalyptus, which the superior clone was poor, seedling producing was in small scale and there was not conveyance technique of Eucalyptus breeding, and productivity of Eucalyptus plantation was lower. The conveyance technique had been assembled with all links from superior species selecting to breeding in this project The main results are as following:It showed that there was most significant difference of inter- provenance through 13 provenances test of Eucalyptus wetarensis. The provenance No. 10, 13, 7 showed more superior than others in the growth index and all form and character index and there will be good developing foreground. Through test of 14 provenances and 244 families of Eucalyptus pellita, it showed that there were most significant difference within inter-provenance and inter-family, and mean heritability of intrafamily was larger than corresponding single-tree's, and it shows that the effect of early selecting in provenance and family was significantly.Through improved article crossbreeding technique, and utilizing the technique of grafting, lower tree and cross technique, and pollen storage technique, It became possible for developing article crossbreeding in large scale. And afterwards it will be developing way of article crossbreeding to set up clone seed orchard with low tree.This paper still analyzed genetic diversity in 13 provenances of Eucalyptus wetarensis with utilizing molecular genetic makers technique (RAPD). According to the analyzed results of molecular makers and combined with the phenotype test. It will be considered that the genetic structure of inter-provenance and ultra-provenance was complicated and genetic diversity was abundant, and genetic variability of inter-provenance was larger than intra-provenances. It was discovered that there were abundant genetic diversity within inter-provenance of Eucalyptuswetarensis, it will provide scientific basis for selecting best combination of early article cross and preserving superior species resource. By using selecting method of 5-superior-trees, the reliability of selecting superior trees reached to 20%, it provided a basis for article cross parent selection and superior clone selection; Based on studies on wind resistance selecting from 27clones and disease resistance from 47clones, it was obtained that there were significant difference from inter-clone, regression analysis showed that Hight, leaf biomass, thickness of tree bark and wood gravity were main factors effected on wind resistance of Eucalyptus clone; Meanwhile, by using WFT technique, it proved that there were Slclones with disease resistance, and there were 10 clones with disease infection, and there were 6 clones with serious disease infection. These results were in keeping with these clones plantation in production. From analysis and evaluation on major properties of 27 clones (3 years old), it obtained that there were significant difference in mean annual growth under different site and different clone, and there were significant mutual effect between site and clone. And there were significant negative correlation between wood form index and its yield. Intra-species difference of main character in corresponding with yield was marked; through using form index and no-binding-index method, synthetical evaluation of every clone was fin...