Core Collection And Molecular Marker Of Japanese Apricot (Prunus Mume Sieb. Et Zucc.)

Core Collection and Molecular Marker of Japanese Apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.)Gao ZhihongSupervised by Prof. Han Zhenhai and Prof. Zhang ZhenJapanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) which originated in southern China and has been widely cultivated in China has high economic value. Gremplasm resources of Japanese apricot is abundant. In order to reserve and to utilize these gemplasm better, first, we use SSRs previously developed in other Prunus species to identify Japanese apricot genotypes obtained from diverse geographical regions and further to analyze their genetic relationship. At the same time, chilling resistance of Japanese apricot germplasm were identified and better germplasm for fruit and flower were screened. Then core collection of Japanese apricot in China was developed. Finally, RAPD and SCAR markers linked to the Single-Double flower gene in Japanese apricot were identified. The results were as follows:1 The factors which affected on the SSR results of Japanese apricot and comparative analysis of polymorphism of SSRs detected on two gel electrophoresis systems were studied. The results showed that the optimized content of Mg2+ is 1.89mmol-L-1 2.83 mmol-L-1, dNTP is 0.24 mmol-L-1 , Tag polymerase is IU/26.5ul in the PCR system. Polyacrylamide gel had higher ability than agarose gel in discriminating amplified fragments. Polymorphism between different cultivars was abundant detected by Polyacrylamide gel. There was significantly different between two gel systems. Through above PCR system, SSR fragments of 24 cultivars of Japanese apricot were obtained and detected.2 The amplification fragments with SSR primer pairs pchgms2 and UDP96008 in Japanese apricot cultivar 'Dayezhugan' were sequenced, the results showed that the simple sequence repeats obtained contained the microsatellite locus from original peach. The microsatellite sequence homogeneity between UDP96008 in Japanese apricot in this study and UDP96008 in the peach in GenBank was 98 %. 24 Japanese apricot genotypes originated from diverse geographic areas were identified with 14 SSR primer pairs developed in different species of Prunus. A total of 129 alleles were obtained and per primer pair detected 2.5 alleles on the average. The results from cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance between cultivars 'Nanhong'and 'Zhonghong' was the closest and the cultivars from China and from Japan could not be separated completely.3 The branch chilling resistance of 28 Japanese apricot germplasm and the relationship to the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and malonaldehyde were identified.The results showed that: there were differences among different germplasm, the LT50 was between -9.3℃ and 20.2℃. The chilling resistant quality of the cultivars 'fenghou', 'gaotianfenghou', 'ruantiaohongmei' were better. Whereas the cultivars 'dongqing ', 'kaidi', 'hongding'were worse. The correlation coefficient of the chilling resistant quality with the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and malonaldehyde were 0.93959, 0.86709 and -0.952122, respectively.4 Investigation of the flowers and fruits of prunus mime from China, 9 cultivars were screened from 197 fruiting mei, and 21 cultivars were screened from 118 flowering mei. These 30 cultivars can be used as ornamental and fruiting tree.5 Cluster ananlysis were studied in Japanese apricot in China, first three groups were classified : group for white mei, red mei and green mei, then cluster according to 27 characteristics with SAS program. Finally, 20 Japanese apricot gemplasms as core collection were screened from 202 Japanese apricot germplasm. The reliability of core collection was identified.6 Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker were performed to detect markers linked to the single double flower in Japanese apricot. Primer OPP01 was identified from 34 10-mer primers examined. The fragment was cloned and sequenced as 1899 base pairs. According to the sequence, one primer pai...