| 1. Effect of hainanmycin and cysteamine on rumen digestion and metabolism in buffalosFour castrated male buffaloes with permanent fistulae were chosen to study the effect of Hainanmycin (0.3mg/kgBW籨) and cysteamine (100mg/kgBW'week) on rumen digestion and metabolism. The results showed that N95 could increase the percentage of propionate of TVFA in rumen fluid, alter the type of rumen fermentation, decrease NHa-N concentration and depress protein degradation in rumen. CS87 could improve rumen fermentation and the effect was significant on the third day after administration. The effect of CS87+N95 on rumen fermentation was better.2. Effect of hainanmycin and cysteamine on body weight gain in bufallos Forty Molar female growing buffaloes (1-1.5 years old) with close body weightwere chosen to study the effect of Hainanmycin and Cysteamine on body weight gain in buffaloes. The buffaloes, were assigned into four groups at random. One was control group, the other three were treatment groups, i.e. CS87 group, N95 group and CS87+N95 group. The basic ration was the same, adding 15mg/kgBW 'day CS in the concentrate of CS group, adding 5ppm Hainanmycin in the concentrate of Hainanmycin group. For the CS+Hainanmycin group, addition dosage of CS and Hainanmycin was the same as that in CS group and Hainanmycin group. The experiment lasted for two months. The results showed that CS and Hainanmycin could significantly increase the weight gain of buffaloes (P<0.05), compared with control group. Among the three addition patterns, the effect of CS+Hainanmycin was the best.3. Oxidation of essential amino acids by the ovine gastro-intestinal tractThe mammalian gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) can catabolise leucine and this is sensitive to a range of nutritional and environmental factors. It is unknown, however, whether other essential amino acids (AA) are also degraded by the GIT, thus restricting supply to other body tissues. The oxidations of four essential [1-13C]AA (leucine, lysine methionine and phenylalanine), supplied systemically, were monitored across both the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV; small intestine) and portal-drained viscera (PDV; total GIT) in four wether sheep fed 1.4 x maintenance of a mixed roughage:concentrate ration. Oxidation was assessed by appearance of 13CO2. The total GIT contributed 25% and 10% towards whole body AA oxidation for leucine and methionine respectively. Approximately 40% of PDV oxidation arose from MDV metabolism. There was no detectable catabolism of lysine or phenylalanine across the GIT. Exchange of secondary metabolites (e.g. 4-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoate, homocysteine, 2-aminoadipate) across the GIT was also limited. Net absorption of essential AA across the PDV was always less (P < 0.001) than for the MDV. The ratio of PDV:MDV net appearances varied (P < 0.001), e.g. phenylalanine (0.81), lysine (0.71), methionine (0.67), leucine (0.56), a similar order to the extent of oxidation (including that by non-MDV section of the GIT). The lowest (P < 0.001) PDV:MDV appearance was for tryptophan (0.48) with threonine (0.63) less than for histidine (0.71; P < 0.01). Not all of the differences between MDV and PDV net supply could be attributed to oxidation and therefore the composition of endogenous secretions and the impact of incomplete re-absorption probably accounts for the difference in pattern of net AA absorption.4. The Absorption and metabolic clearance of peptides of alanine and leucine in sheepThree 40 kg wethers were used in a crossover design to quantify, by arterio venous procedures, the mass transfer of amino acids (AAs) across the portal-drained viscera during a 3 or 4hr postinjection of diala and dileu or triala and trileu with same amount alanine and leucine into the abosaum. Three sheep equipped with abosumal cannula and arterial, portal catheters. Peptide concentrations were determined in arterial, and portal blood and plasma by GC-mass spectrometry. In the studies of sheeps, di-peptide and tripeptide concentrations in arterial and portal blood and plasma w... |
PDF Full Text Request