| For the first time, the applied function of Copper azole preservatives (i.e. CuAz) for bamboo preservation has been studied; the advantage and shortage of CuAz on bamboo preservation has been analyzed; the mechanism and approach for formulation optimization of CuAz have been proposed. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), which is abundant in china, was used as experimental materials in this thesis. These investigations laid the foundation for the exploitation of bamboo preservatives with independent intelligent property right, low toxicity and high performance, high quality and low overhead. The main research findings were summarized as follows: The performance of CuAz and its contributing factor1) Anti-fungi performanceToxic limit of all CuAz preservatives were less than 2kg/m3, its toxicity corresponds to CCA-C and ACQ-B, and have the advantage of salts from organic acids markedly. During the rotten period, CuAz can protect chemical component and tissue of bamboo against attack by decay fungi.The ratio of Copper/Triazole affected on its toxicity evidently, that is, the toxicity of CuAz increased with the ratio of azole. However, the formulation which Cu/PPZ ratio is 25:1 is economy. White-rot resistance of bamboo treated with CuAz containing propiconazole (i.e. PPZ) is higher than one treated with CuAz containing tebuconazole (i.e. TEB). On the other side, brown-rot resistance of bamboo treated with CuAz containing PPZ is lower than one treated with CuAz containing TEB. The deferent of rot resistance between ethanolamine-based and ammonia-based was not evident.2) Leaching CharacteristicsCopper fixation rate of bamboo treated with CuAz is higher than salts from organic acids such as citrate, oxalate and malate, is close to ACQ, but lower than CCA-C and copper ammonia solution. Of copper fixation rate of all CuAz, CuAz-6 is highest, up to 97%, and the CuAz-4 is lowest, that is 87%. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Copper fixation rate of bamboo treated with CuAz containing TEB is higher than one treated with CuAz containing PPZ commonly.Copper fixation rate affected by retention, fixation time, ligand type, and addictive. For all formulations, while other three conditions is the same, copper fixation rate of preservatives with low retention level is less than those with higher retention level; copper fixation rate of oven-dried bamboo samples is less than air-dried bamboo samples; copper fixation rate of amine-based preservatives is less than ammonia-based ones; copper fixation rate in some formulations containing carbonate and phosphate is higher than non-carbonate and non-phosphate ones.Expect the above factor, organic acids such as citric and oxalic and malic are less beneficial to copper fixation than other formulations of non-organic acid. Copper fixation rate of bamboo treated with ACQ containing DDAC is higher than other type of ACQ containing benzalkonium chloride (i.e. BAC), furthermore, the copper fixation rate of bamboo increased with the ratio of DDAC in ACQ.3) Treatability for BambooThere were great differences of absorbing capacity between each direction (or surface) of bamboo. Longitudinal absorbing capacity outclassed other direction. Transect surface was twice as larger as radial surface of bamboo; vary from sixth to tenth as larger as inner surface and outer surface of bamboo; inner surface was slightly higher than outer surface of bamboo. These differences resulted from the variation in the bamboo anatomical structure and the flow paths of preservatives. The absorbing capacity of bamboo for CuAz-6 was higher than one for ddH2O.The main affection factors on treatment result of bamboo were concentration and pressure, the joint action of press and time, and. of concentration, pressure and time effect remarkably treatment result for bamboo sample with node. In the same treatment technology, the retention and weight increment rate of bamboo sample without node was less than ones with node, which due to special structure of bamboo node.For the bamboo sample without node, it will get opti... |
