Studies On The Utilization Of Xinjiang Wild Rape(Sinapis Arvensis L.)

Xinjiang Wild Rape (Sinapis arvensis L.) which has many fine characters is a primitive variety in rape. As a result, how to use Xinjiang Wild Rape has attracted increasing attention of the rape-breeders. This article have made some preliminary studies on the compatibility between Brassica napus L.and Xinjiang Wild Rape and others such as the identification of intergenetic hybrids and so on .The results show as following:1.The incompatibility between Brassica napus L. and Xinjiang Wild Rape can be overcome by bud pollination , mixing-pollen pollination , cutting-stigma pollination and delaying pollination. The results suggested that the compatible index of Xinjiang Wild Rape ×Brussica napus L. is higher than that of Brussica napus L. × Xinjiang Wild Rape and the genotype of parents can effect the compatibility in bud pollination , While the effect can be eliminated to some degree in mixing-pollen pollination. The results also suggested that the reflection of incompatibility is different among males ,for example , in Xiangyou15 it shows pre-fertilization obstacle, while in Parol it shows hybrid embryo undevelopment.2.The hybrids between Xinjiang Wild and Brussica napus L. are sterile to some degree and few seeds can be obtained by self-pollination and back-cross . The hybrids can be identified in addition to their fertility and other characteristics such as leaf-hair , leaf axil colour, stalk wax and flower organ size which are intermediate between female and male . The ratio of fertile pollen and NO. of siliqua per plant are different among the hybrids , while NO. of seed per siliqua is about 1 and similar among them. The results indicated that more F₂ seeds can be obtained by selecting hybrids of high NO. of siliqua per plant.3.RAPD analysis from 11 random primers selected from 200 random primers demonstrated that hybrids share characteristic RAPD fragments of both parents . The result suggested that these hybrids were authentic and bud pollination can overcomethe incompatibility between Brassica napus L. and Xinjiang Wild Rape.4.Cytological observation results in the hybrids Fi between Xinjiang Wild Rape (2n=18, genome SS) and Brassica napus L. (2n=38, genome AACC) showed : The meiosis of pollen mother cells was irregular . During first metaphase(M I )appeared monovalent , trivalent chromosomes and ring chromosome .During first anaphase(A I )appeared chromosome bridge and lagging chromosome. During second anaphase (II) chromosome number distribution at bipolar cells was unequal. Consequently abnormal tetraspore and abortive pollen were produced , and thus resulted in sterility in the hybrid.5.The sterility of a few hybrids can be restored by 0.1% Colchicine in seedling period and F2 seeds can be obtained in self-pollination -. back-cross ^ especially in free pollination.6.The fertility of the F2 plants obtained in free pollination was very low. Plenty of half-sterile plants > a number of sterile plants and only few fertile plants can be observed among them ,at the same time , most of them were morphologically intermediate between female and male .The ratio of fertile pollen was positively correlated with NO. of siliqua per plant and NO. of seed per siliqua. Most of the F2 plants obtained in free pollination under the condition that Fiwas isolated with its male were like Brassica napus L.. Plenty of fertile plants â– . a number of sterile plants and half-sterile plants can be observed among them . Most of the F2 plants obtained in free pollination after treatment by 0.1% Colchicine were morphologically intermediate between female and male . .Plenty of fertile plants and few sterile and half-sterile plants can be observed . The results indicated that it is benefit to selecting the F2 plants obtained in free pollination under the condition that Fi was isolated with its male.7.The sterility of the sterile male line 200210-1 is thorough and steady .After preliminary studies ,the results indicated that the sterile male line belongs to dominant genie male sterility and its' gene type is Msmsrfrf.8. The sterile male line 7-209 was sterile at low temperature and became fertile at high temperature .The sterility of it was heritable by self-pollination .After...