Study On Erect Panicle Rice

Using rice varieties of erect panicle, studies were plant types characters, panicle structural characters, small climate environment in population and dry matter production, in the field condition The results are as follows:1. Form characteristic of erect panicle rice varieties: (1)Rice panicle were erect from heading to mature; (2) Stem were thickness than curved panicle from top to bottom and lodging—resistance (3) Leaf were thickness, chlorophyll content high and continued duration length. Plant height, leaf Length, leaf width, stem leaf angle of basic of erect panicle were as similar to as curved panicle varieties. The relationship analysis indicated that were the best closely related with 4rd leaf and yield characters, the correlation between 4rd leaf and spikelets per panicle, weight of full grain per panicle were positively significant and negatively correlation with 1000 — grain weight and ratio of full grain, other were 3rd and 5rd.2. Panicle structural characteristic of erect panicle rice varieties were panicle short, branch short, that had more branches and spikelets, spikelet density per panicle were greater, spikelets per panicle weight were higher, per panicle had more empty shriveled spikelets, 1000 — grain weight were lower, but erect panicle rice varieties of new selected breeding made better ratio of full grain per panicle and 1000—grain weight, however, were more or higher than curved panicle varieties. To grow panicle were better middle fertility than high and low fertility, panicle had more branches and spikelets, spikelet density per panicle were greater, empty shriveled spikelets per panicle became less under middle fertility, it was help in increase income and using less resources. Between panicle structured . characters were closely related, the correlation between branch number with spikelets per panicle and weight of full grain were positively significant but negatively correlated with 1000—grain weight and ratio of full grain.3. In population of erect panicle rice varieties, The effect of panicle morphology on light distribution in canopy was conspicuous,and occurred mainly in the middle and bottom layers of the canopy. The population of erect panicle were higher temperature than population of curved panicle, but it was lower humidity than population of curved panicle, which was favorable to exhibition the potential photosynthesis capability. When intensity of lighting increased, co: density of erect panicle population were lower, contrary going up co: density of population three—dimensional distribution, it showed co2 density was the highest in the population top, other were lower bottom, middle was the lowest . co2 density in top population of erect panicle were higher than the population of carved panicle, middle and bottom were lower then the population of curved panicle.4. 1000—grain weight of erect panicle varieties was less curved panicle, some were high with curved panicle. 1000—grain weight was different in the panicle, the tap was the best large, middle was greater, it was less in the bottom. When cut leaf, spikelets weight of erect panicle varieties were decline to low with curved panicle, when shading, spikelets weight of erect panicle varieties were decline to high with curved panicle.5. Ratio of full grain of erect panicle varieties were less with curved panicle, some of them were high with curved panicle, ratio of full grain was different in the panicle, the top was high with middle and bottom, ratio of full grain steadied in the primary branch, ratio of full grain was lower in the secondary branch of middle and bottom. After panicle shading, ratio of full grain were decline, erect panicle were decline greater than the curved panicle, when source were less, ratio of full grain were decline, but ratio of full grain of erect panicle were decline to less with curved panicle. Empty grain formed after flowering, before less It was negatively correlated with ratio of full grain and other yield characters and positively significant with ratio of full grain and dry matter weight of stem, leaf, leaf sheath.6. Biomass of erect panicle were higher than the curved panicle, harvest index of erect panicle were lower than the curved panicle. Under the middle fertility condition, grain yield of erect panicle were as high as curved panicle. Erect panicle had better yield in the high fertility and had greater capacityExport percentage of the matter of leaf blade had higherafter heading, so, leaf blade was photosynthesis part, leaf blade was store part too. Matter export of stem sheath were main from the leaf sheath, export percentage of the matter of stem was negatively. Before heading, that store up export of matter were lower than the curved panicle, to contribute ratio of yield were higher than the curved panicle after heading.7. To rise yield effect on crop plant type breeding were reviewed and problems super—high yielding breeding were discussed in this paper, and that ■" conception the clear on rice ideotype breeding and super—high yielding breeding, in future, were bring up super—high yielding breeding, not only was pay attention to form, but was more important to raise which were capacity with photosynthesis and store of stem and leaf and sheath, it achieved to combine with form and function. So, bring about super — high yielding.